Investigation of Bombings in Madrid Yields Conflicting Clues
By TIM GOLDEN and DON VAN NATTA Jr.
Published: March 12, 2004
The flood of conflicting evidence and clues that emerged from the carnage of the Madrid bombings yesterday pointed in two very different directions, leaving counterterrorism officials in a country painfully familiar with terrorist violence struggling to identify a culprit.
Just hours after the bombings, the Spanish authorities blamed the Basque separatist group known as ETA. Hours later, the same officials announced the discovery of new evidence they said left open the possibility that Islamic militants had been involved....
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(The scope of the attack, and its indiscriminate and coordinated nature, point to Al Qaeda, the article states, as well as detonators and "an audio tape of Koranic verses" found in a stolen van, but the dynamite used has been used before by ETA.)
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Yesterday's bombings...came after months of intelligence reporting that ETA was planning a major attack, several Spanish officials said. The timing of the violence — with national elections scheduled for Sunday — seemed to suggest ETA's hand as well, they said.
But even as the interior minister, Ángel Acebes, was blaming ETA directly for the carnage, another senior Spanish counterterrorism official questioned privately whether the Basque group would wantonly kill so many innocents, most of whom were the sort of working-class people to whom ETA's Marxist-oriented leaders have traditionally tried to appeal. The death toll yesterday, at least 192 people, was nearly one fourth of the nearly 850 people ETA had killed since 1968....
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Before yesterday, Al Qaeda had not carried out any known attacks in Spain. But prosecutors say the group has maintained cells in Spain since at least the early 1990's, insinuating themselves among the country's growing Arab immigrant population....
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/03/12/international/europe/12TERR.html