I don't know how true it is anymore, but there was once a time when search engines limited how many URLs they'd chase from a server with generated content. To get around that, Apache servers have a module called
mod_rewrite that can intercept links and reformat them. Like, from -
az/post/forum/288/topic_id/704/mesg_id/704 - to -
duboard.php?az=post&forum=288&topic_id=704&mesg_id=704.
Not breaking links from other sites if you rename files would be another benefit.
Memorable simplicity would be another. It's easier to remember something like
ted.com/gladwell than
ted.com/index.php?category=bio&subject=gladwell or even
ted.com/gladwell.php .
TED doesn't look like a site that's doing this, though. Beneath the directories are explicit links to files, ex:
http://www.ted.com/speakers/chris_abani.html .