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or a windmill.
Sad but this is just true. The amount of technology and calculations to make a solar panel are HUGE! The amount of time and energy to create a basic internal combustion engine, a proven technology for over 100 years, is not. At the most basic you have a 2-stroke engine, where one cylinder is up, and the other is down at any one moment. This design is in any text book, and the fuel can be made from plant oil - very cheap indeed.
Wind is less complicated as solar, by many factors, and creating a wind generator only requires you to find a WHOLE lotta wire and a couple natural magnets as your initial ingredients. While rotor technology can make this a increasingly complicated task (how many windings to create X watts (potential) per revolution, etc) it can still be done by a high school student, thus making wind, MORE expensive than ICE, initially, but far LESS in the long run.
The disadvantage to wind is, of course, you are completely at mother nature's mercy.
Hydro is similar to Wind, but even MORE expensive, as it requires making a device that can survive almost indefinitely basically in the water, BUT the probability of constant rotations (thus power) is FAR higher, and the cost rapidly outweighs the costs. Finding an appropriate water source being you major issue at that point.
Hydro can also be made by HS students in a less-dangerous river setting in a semester - and also will provide decent amounts of constant energy.
Solar is by far the most superior of course, it relies on the Sun fr it's energy conversion. However the technology, and materials required to make a solar panel are very high. The solar generation system (PV cells i mean at this moment) are weather resistant, since Ultra Violet beams through most cloud cover and in climate weather - however they are delicate and do not like hurricanes, and tornadoes.
the Sodium to power system, while FAR simpler is no less complex, as the mirrors need to be kept absolutely CLEAR, to maximize solar heat reflection on to a tower containing solid sodium, that when heated liquidized, causing the cooling water to vaporise into steam, which in turn turns a generator - must like how nuclear energy is created - it's all steam punk really.
The advantage to this system is that the Sodium retains it's heat to vaporise water far into the night thus allowing not-quite constant generation of power. This by far is actually the CLEANEST form of solar generation as all the materials are non-toxic and found relatively close up in the Earths crust.
HOWEVER... these all require a fair amount of scratch, and the amount of power that they generate is very dependent on mother nature and the sun's desire to cooperate.
Only fuel-based energy production is the most fool-proof. It only depends on the fuel you dump into it and the yield is well known. It is also the dirtiest.
As a people, we all need to use LESS, so that the cleaner - and yes more expensive initially - energy production tools can be used to maximum efficiency. IMHO, wind, hydro, and Sodium-solar solutions are the best. They run almost 24-7, and generate ZERO pollution in their operation, and do not contribute (greatly) toxic materials in their production.
I like PV solar, but the materials needed are toxic, and the manufacture of PV panels is expensive.
That said, a PV cell will last a decade or longer, and it's not very hard to create a solar water heater (20 dollars in materials from the hardware store in 98)
I would love to see high schools teaching alternative energy fabrication. As I said it would not be difficult for EVERY school to create at least 1 of each clean (as mentioned above) energy solution every year. They can combine the Electronics class (which I was in), the Wood shop class, the metal shop class, the Auto shop class (in a pinch alternators make excellent generators, and there are delicate mechanics involved with creating efficient turbines).
In addition there is no reason that this can not create Electric autos that run on said generated power.
I know I'm being seriously optimistic, but this kind of Educational setup would not only energize (no pun intended) the interest in alternate energy systems, but it would also teach a trade.
Anyway, that is why Alternative energy solutions cost more.
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