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Notables: Billy the Kid got shot.
Sesame Street started broadcasting in 1969.
Stanely found Livignston.
Wikipedia list: 1674 - Anglo-Dutch War: As provided in the Treaty of Westminster, Netherlands cedes New Netherlands to England. 1766 - The last Colonial governor of New Jersey, William Franklin, signs the charter of Queen's College (later renamed Rutgers University). 1775 - American Revolutionary War: The Continental Congress passes a resolution creating the Continental Marines (later renamed the United States Marine Corps) to serve as landing troops for the recently created Continental Navy (the Marines were disbanded at end of war in April of 1783 but were reformed on July 11, 1798). 1871 - Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr. David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, and greets him saying "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?" 1919 - The first national convention of the American Legion is held in Minneapolis, Minnesota (convention ended on November 12). 1926 - In San Francisco, California, a necrophiliac serial killer named Earle Nelson (dubbed "Gorilla Man") kills and then rapes his 9th victim, a boardinghouse landlady named Mrs. William Edmonds. 1928 - Michinomiya Hirohito is crowned the 124th Emperor of Japan 1938 - On the eve of Armistice Day, Kate Smith sings Irving Berlin's God Bless America for the first time on her weekly radio show. 1942 - World War II: In violation of a 1940 armistice, Germany invades Vichy France following French Admiral François Darlan agreement to an armistice with the Allies in North Africa. 1951 - Direct-dial coast-to-coast telephone service begins in the United States. 1954 - US President Dwight D. Eisenhower dedicates the USMC War Memorial (Iwo Jima memorial) in Arlington National Cemetery. 1969 - National Educational Television (the predecessor to the Public Broadcasting Service) in the United States debuts the children's television program Sesame Street. 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - For the first time in five years, an entire week ended with no reports of American combat fatalities in Southeast Asia. 1971 - In Cambodia, Khmer Rouge forces attack the city Phnom Penh and its airport, killing 44, wounding at least 30 and damaging nine airplanes. 1975 - The 729-foot-long freighter (then, the largest ship on the Great Lakes) SS Edmund Fitzgerald sinks during a storm 17 miles from the entrance to Whitefish Bay on Lake Superior, killing all 29 crew on board. 1975 - United Nations Resolution 3379: With a vote of 72 to 35 (with 32 abstentions), the United Nations General Assembly approves a resolution equating Zionism with racism (the resolution was repealed in December 1991). 1989 - After 35 years of communist rule in Bulgaria, Bulgarian Communist Party leader Todor Zhivkov is replaced by hitherto Prime Minister Petre Mladenov who changes the party's name to the Bulgarian Socialist Party. 1995 - In Nigeria, playwright and environmental activist Ken Saro-Wiwa along with eight others from the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (Mosop) are hanged by government forces. 1997 - Telcoms WorldCom and MCI announce a US$37 billion merger (the largest merger in US history). 1997 - A jury in Fairfax, Virginia finds Mir Aimal Kasi guilty of the murder of two CIA employees in 1993. 2084 - A transit of Earth from Mars will be visible to hypothetical future Mars colonists.
Births 745 - Musa al-Kazim, Shia Imam (d. 799) 1341 - Henry Percy Northumberland, English statesman (d. 1408) 1483 - Martin Luther, a leader of the Protestant Reformation (d. 1546) 1566 or 1567 - Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, English soldier (d. 1601) 1668 - François Couperin, French composer (d. 1733) 1697 - William Hogarth, artist (d. 1764) 1728 - Oliver Goldsmith, playwright (d. 1774) 1759 - Friedrich von Schiller, writer (d. 1805) 1801 - Samuel Gridley Howe, American social reformer (d. 1876) 1845 - Sir John Sparrow David Thompson, fourth Prime Minister of Canada 1879 - Vachel Lindsay, American poet (d. 1931) 1887 - Arnold Zweig, author (d. 1968) 1889 - Claude Rains, actor (d. 1967) 1890 - Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Borgward, car manufacturer (d. 1963) 1890 - Eli Lissitsky, American painter (d. 1941) 1893 - John P. Marquand, American writer (d. 1960) 1909 - Pawe³ Jasienica, Polish historian (d. 1970) 1919 - Moise Tshombe, Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (d. 1969) 1919 - Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov, Soviet inventor, AK-47 1925 - Richard Burton (actor) (d. 1984) 1928 - Ennio Morricone, composer 1932 - Roy Scheider, actor 1935 - Igor Dmitrievich Novikov, theoretical astrophisicist, cosmologist 1940 - Screaming Lord Sutch, musician, founder of the Official Monster Raving Loony Party 1940 - Russell Means, Native American activist 1942 - Hans-Rudolf Merz, elected member of the Swiss Federal Council 1944 - Sir Tim Rice, composer 1947 - David Loggins, musician 1948 - Greg Lake, musician 1949 - Ann Reinking, actress, dancer, choreographer 1956 - Sinbad, actor, comedian 1959 - Linda Cohn, sports anchor 1959 - Mackenzie Phillips, actress 1960 - Neil Gaiman, science fiction writer 1965 - Eddie Irvine, Formula One driver 1977 - Brittany Murphy, actress 1979 - Eve, singer 1985 - Giovonnie Samuels, television actress Deaths 461 - Majorian, Roman Emperor 1241 - Pope Celestine IV 1549 - Pope Paul III 1865 - Henry Wirz, superintendent of Andersonville prison camp (executed) 1891 - Arthur Rimbaud, poet 1938 - Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, founder of Turkey 1948 - Vincent Schiavelli, actor 1981 - Abel Gance, film writer, director, producer, actor 1982 - Leonid Brezhnev, leader of the Soviet Union 1992 - Chuck Connors, actor, baseball player 1994 - Carmen McRae, jazz singer 1995 - Ken Saro-Wiwa, Nigerian playwright and environmental activist (executed) 1998 - Hal Newhouser, Baseball Hall of Famer (b. 1921) 2000 - Adamantios Androutsopoulos, former Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919) 2001 - Ken Kesey, author, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest 2002 - Gert Westphal, actor, reader
Holidays and observances Ancient Latvia - Martini
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