Media relying on flawed polls: Gallup and CBS/NYT skewed toward Republicans
Five new national polls give two very different pictures of the presidential race. Three polls show an extremely close race; two show sizable Bush leads. While some members of the media have pointed out potential methodological reasons for this disparity, one clear explanation has gone largely unreported: both polls that show President George W. Bush with a strong lead oversampled Republicans.
Three polls, conducted by The Pew Research Center for People and the Press (September 11-14), Harris Interactive (September 9-13), and Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research (September 12-14) all found Senator John Kerry and Bush either within one point of each other or tied among likely voters. A Gallup poll conducted September 13-15 found Bush leading Kerry among likely voters by 13 points (55 percent to 42 percent) and by eight points among registered voters (52 percent to 44 percent). A CBS News/New York Times polls (pdf) conducted September 12-16 showed Bush with a nine-point lead among registered voters (50 percent to 41 percent).
The New York Times, the Chicago Tribune, the San Francisco Chronicle, and The Washington Times have cited various differences in the polls' methodology that could account for the disparate results. These differences include: the specific time period during which a poll is conducted; the ways likely voters are identified; and the percentage of undecided voters in a sample.
But the media has largely ignored both Gallup's and the CBS News/New York Times polls' oversampling of Republicans. As author and joint fellow at the Center for American Progress and The Century Foundation Ruy Teixiera explained, these polls include more Republicans in their sample than is representative of the electorate. According to Teixiera, the CBS News/New York Times poll sample included 4 percent more Republicans than Democrats. And Gallup told TheLeftCoaster.com's Steve Soto that it surveyed 7 percent more Republicans than Democrats. Media Matters for America has previously noted that John Zogby, president and CEO of independent polling firm Zogby International, pointed out on September 7 that in the last two presidential elections, Democrats have represented 4 percent to 5 percent more of the electorate than have Republicans:
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