Ugly new term, but apparently the new thing; it refers to companies moving production back to America from China. The fact that such stories are being heard is support for those (including me) demanding action on the renminbi, because they show that there is indeed a margin at which changes in Chinese dollar costs move production back to the United States, and hence that the undervalued renminbi directly costs US jobs, as well as having the indirect effects.
I’ve written about recently.
http://krugman.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/10/08/re-shoring/From the link in the last sentence above:
The Renminbi and US ManufacturingI should offer a brief note about one of the arguments people make against focusing on Chinese currency manipulation — namely,
the claim that China doesn’t really compete head to head with US manufacturing, so that a rise in the renminbi wouldn’t help.First, the notion that there’s no head-to-head competition is false. There have lately been quite a few stories about manufacturing moving back from China: the
labor costs will always be much higher in America, but other advantages, especially logistical, can make even labor-intensive production worth doing at home.Second, there are real effects on the US if production moves, say, from China to Mexico. To an important extent, global manufacturing is carried out by regional complexes —
an Asian complex centered on Japan and China in effect competes with a North American complex in which labor-intensive stuff is done in Mexico or Central America. So there’s an indirect competitive effect.