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ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 01:16 PM Apr 2020

Why Bernie Sanders Failed: The Sanders campaign and his supporters bet on a theory of class politics

that turned out to be wrong

Sanders had success in shifting the Democratic Party in his direction on policy. But the strategy for winning power embraced by his partisans depended on a mythologized and out-of-date theory of blue-collar political behavior, one that assumes that a portion of the electorate is crying out for socialism on the basis of their class interest. Identity, in all its complexities, appears to be far more powerful in shaping voters’ behaviors than the material interests given pride of place in Marxist theory.

......................................................................

Americans do not primarily vote as a member of an economic class, but rather as a member of a party and identity group (race, religion, etc.). Trump won the overwhelming bulk of Republican voters in the 2016 general election, despite taking heterodox positions on a number of policy issues, simply because he had an R next to his name. His message resonated with working-class whites, but not working-class people of color, because it centered ethnic grievance and conflict.

This created a big problem for Sanders. His refusal to formally become a Democrat — and harsh attacks on the “Democratic establishment” — were much less likely to resonate with voters strongly attached to the Democratic Party. This effect seems to have hurt him badly.

........................................................................

Partisanship seems to be particularly important in Sanders’s inability to make inroads among black Democrats, especially older ones. In their new book Steadfast Democrats, political scientists Chryl Laird and Ismail White find that black political identity in the United States centers on affiliation with the Democratic party, which is understood among African Americans as a vital part of being committed to racial progress and in-group solidarity. While a significant share of black voters have conservative views on policy issues, overall they are overwhelmingly committed to the Democratic Party as an institution.

.........................................................................

Instead, class division has been replaced by education divides. Highly educated high income voters have tended to defect to center-left parties — think doctors — while non-college low-income voters have defected to the right. This reflects the fact that debates over social issues like immigration and gender roles, rather than issues of material redistribution, are the primary cleavages dividing Western publics. Attitudes surrounding tolerance and diversity, not redistribution, are the clearest predictor of which kind of party you’re interested in supporting nowadays.


https://www.vox.com/platform/amp/policy-and-politics/2020/4/10/21214970/bernie-sanders-2020-lost-class-socialism
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Why Bernie Sanders Failed: The Sanders campaign and his supporters bet on a theory of class politics (Original Post) ehrnst Apr 2020 OP
it failed because they chose the wrong person to deliver the message nt msongs Apr 2020 #1
I think that it's far more complicated, but yes, Bernie didn't help with his attacks on ehrnst Apr 2020 #2
I hate to use words like "presidential" and "packaging," but Bernie's not the most polished guy, sop Apr 2020 #9
I agree. It was an unrelenting "us versus them" message that Sanders delivered. Blue_true Apr 2020 #50
I look forward to the other 15 candidates to get a similar article. jimfields33 Apr 2020 #52
Which other candidates lost twice after insisting that they were the future of the Democratic party ehrnst Apr 2020 #110
I think it was doomed to fail because they assumed that his 30% share would give him a plurality pnwmom Apr 2020 #79
That should have been self-evident. TwilightZone Apr 2020 #3
... William769 Apr 2020 #10
I am one of them! True Blue American Apr 2020 #82
Bernie's pitch was warmed-over 60's class-struggle stuff The Velveteen Ocelot Apr 2020 #4
I agree w/ you on this. It seems like he's stuck in some sort of alternate timezone, and I ... SWBTATTReg Apr 2020 #5
And yet he succeeded in a number of significant ways. Alex4Martinez Apr 2020 #6
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #8
Naive to the nth degree. For a who has lived all his long life here he should've known... brush Apr 2020 #12
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #14
You've said that before. It would be a landslide for trump though if Sanders had gotten... brush Apr 2020 #17
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #34
Post removed Post removed Apr 2020 #46
Because you didn't get the nominee you wanted? (nt) ehrnst Apr 2020 #29
No, because I don't see the Presumptive Nominee Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #37
Why can't you just explain why the presumptive nominee "isn't able to win?" ehrnst Apr 2020 #39
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #72
One ehrnst Apr 2020 #112
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #114
No one ehrnst Apr 2020 #116
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #120
Nah ehrnst Apr 2020 #121
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #122
The ehrnst Apr 2020 #123
Sounds that way. True Blue American Apr 2020 #83
Oh, good. More defeatism. TwilightZone Apr 2020 #31
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #35
In what way? You haven't explained why you think he can't win. ehrnst Apr 2020 #40
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #51
But you can't articulate why you think that is? ehrnst Apr 2020 #108
You Can Vote For The Man Anyway, Sir The Magistrate Apr 2020 #48
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #49
Is That An Open Declaration That You Will, Sir? The Magistrate Apr 2020 #54
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #71
It May Come As A Surprise To You, Sir The Magistrate Apr 2020 #104
+1000 ehrnst Apr 2020 #109
Pessimism? True Blue American Apr 2020 #84
Bingo! betsuni Apr 2020 #90
No, it is defeatism of the worst kind. John Fante Apr 2020 #92
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #93
This kind of vague "concern" usually has something else at the root. ehrnst Apr 2020 #42
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #73
It certainly ehrnst Apr 2020 #111
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #113
No one ehrnst Apr 2020 #117
You have your opinion, I completely disagree. Blue_true Apr 2020 #55
This message was self-deleted by its author Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #74
From your post True Blue American Apr 2020 #101
The "process" includes voting, and that is where it has largely failed. TwilightZone Apr 2020 #11
They were deluded by their own rallies which were held on college campuses la-trucker Apr 2020 #16
But rowdy rallies certainly do make one feel very validated... ehrnst Apr 2020 #41
You forgot the awesome rock bands at the rallies. nt TexasTowelie Apr 2020 #62
Lucky for us the rally goers couldn't Cha Apr 2020 #94
I completely agree. Blue_true Apr 2020 #56
Funny how all those young people True Blue American Apr 2020 #85
The subject was his POTUS run, and the article mentioned some sucsesses. ehrnst Apr 2020 #18
Telling them everything's rigged and everyone's corrupt and both parties are the same. betsuni Apr 2020 #20
+1000. ehrnst Apr 2020 #23
I agree with Roy Delfino: betsuni Apr 2020 #58
Joe Biden "brought more people into the Process" this time & Cha Apr 2020 #26
That's terrific. But look, a lot of people lost... Alex4Martinez Apr 2020 #43
Number of registered voters in Texas: TexasTowelie Apr 2020 #59
Beto Effect More Effective than the BS effect in Texas! Cha Apr 2020 #63
Also, I think people think we can have more that two parties "in power" at a time ismnotwasm Apr 2020 #7
That and all kinds of "division" against the Dem Party from my view.. Cha Apr 2020 #13
The message was delivered in an angry, combative fashion la-trucker Apr 2020 #15
Exactly. Scurrilous Apr 2020 #66
KICK! Cha Apr 2020 #19
Because the media would rather mock "kooky", "cranky" Bernie than engage with his point. meadowlander Apr 2020 #21
So it's "the media's" failure, and not Sanders? ehrnst Apr 2020 #24
The primaries are over. meadowlander Apr 2020 #32
Look in a mirror yourself. ehrnst Apr 2020 #33
What are you hoping to accomplish with this thread? meadowlander Apr 2020 #36
I guess learning from one's mistakes isn't something that you see value in? ehrnst Apr 2020 #38
If You Would Like Greater Influence For Progressives In The Party, Sir The Magistrate Apr 2020 #53
+1000 Sherman A1 Apr 2020 #76
That's right.. the primaries are Over. This is the Cha Apr 2020 #95
Yes, he's wrong about a lot of things. betsuni Apr 2020 #22
Yes he was. Scurrilous Apr 2020 #61
Why did Bernie Sanders drop out? The progressive majority he needed doesn't exist Gothmog Apr 2020 #25
Ya think? LaurenOlimina Apr 2020 #27
EGGS-ACTLY This! n/t MFGsunny Apr 2020 #28
They were so extremely wrong in many ways because of Hortensis Apr 2020 #30
THeir Mean Mouths? Me. Apr 2020 #45
:) Hortensis Apr 2020 #70
Extremists on both sides are so deluded due to living in a bubble 24/7. Lanius Apr 2020 #67
Oh, yes. Reality's pretty clear and simple to them. Hortensis Apr 2020 #77
Let's Just Call It Me. Apr 2020 #44
I'm interested in this idea of "education divides" ck4829 Apr 2020 #47
The "diploma divide" is much more important than income level. betsuni Apr 2020 #57
Excellent article. Scurrilous Apr 2020 #60
Pure Sanders, though. I don't doubt his hard-wiring to LW class Hortensis Apr 2020 #69
Have any of you read," Hillbilly Elegy"? True Blue American Apr 2020 #87
Yep. Scurrilous Apr 2020 #119
I believe that Sanders was a "true" Socialist... brooklynite Apr 2020 #64
I think that it was pretty evident when Bernie was interviewed by Seth Meyers this past week. TexasTowelie Apr 2020 #65
538-Did Sanders Blow It For The Democratic Left? Or Was The Nomination Always Out Of Reach? Gothmog Apr 2020 #68
Bernie's likable enough ConnorMarc Apr 2020 #75
No, Bernie is not True Blue American Apr 2020 #88
Post removed Post removed Apr 2020 #100
This message was self-deleted by its author MrsCoffee Apr 2020 #98
I find him grating. Codeine Apr 2020 #106
He wasn't a mensch. People who value character could see. Beakybird Apr 2020 #78
I have no real skin in the game, being unable to vote in USA elections.... uriel1972 Apr 2020 #80
You can blame True Blue American Apr 2020 #89
Ehrnst True Blue American Apr 2020 #81
+1000. ehrnst Apr 2020 #107
Beating trump is all that matters now. Paladin Apr 2020 #115
we are about to learn (a lesson that we continually fail to learn) rampartc Apr 2020 #86
What do you mean by "identity politics"? betsuni Apr 2020 #96
I don't think it had anything to do with that Snake Plissken Apr 2020 #91
Bernie failed because he is not a Democrat. LiberalBrooke Apr 2020 #97
Running against the party doesn't help, either. WhiskeyGrinder Apr 2020 #99
Time to stop worrying about Bernie Sanders, concentrate on destroying Donald Trump UCmeNdc Apr 2020 #102
Not worried at all. True Blue American Apr 2020 #103
Those who ignore history are doomed to repeat it. ehrnst Apr 2020 #118
imho Maxheader Apr 2020 #105
 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
2. I think that it's far more complicated, but yes, Bernie didn't help with his attacks on
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 01:28 PM
Apr 2020

"the Democratic establishment" and as someone who didn't have the people skills that are really necessary to appeal to the larger population.

sop

(10,167 posts)
9. I hate to use words like "presidential" and "packaging," but Bernie's not the most polished guy,
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 02:19 PM
Apr 2020

and his message could have been delivered more smoothly, with a bit more pizazz. I agreed with most of Sanders' policy prescriptions, but his often abrasive and curmudgeonly style didn't help him.

Blue_true

(31,261 posts)
50. I agree. It was an unrelenting "us versus them" message that Sanders delivered.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 08:50 PM
Apr 2020

The "them" were often very strong Democratic Party constituencies that found themselves on the opposite side of what Sanders wanted. There was no intent to compromise, in fact, the mere idea of compromise was given an evil connotation.

jimfields33

(15,787 posts)
52. I look forward to the other 15 candidates to get a similar article.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 08:55 PM
Apr 2020

For the critics who wanted bernie out. They sure have a tough time letting go.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
110. Which other candidates lost twice after insisting that they were the future of the Democratic party
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 10:48 AM
Apr 2020

twice?

pnwmom

(108,977 posts)
79. I think it was doomed to fail because they assumed that his 30% share would give him a plurality
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 03:42 AM
Apr 2020

and that that's all he needed.

Bernie's supporters seemed shocked when Pete and Amy cleared the field for Joe -- but that's how it always happens. The whole group wasn't going to keep going till the convention. And when they dropped out, the Democrats weren't going to endorse the anti-Democrat.

TwilightZone

(25,470 posts)
3. That should have been self-evident.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 01:31 PM
Apr 2020

Alienating groups that you absolutely need to vote for you to win the nomination always seemed like a bizarre strategy.

Sanders might have thought he was attacking some mythical "establishment", but a lot of long-term, loyal Democrats saw it as an attack on them, particularly when his attacks on Democrats were often perceived to be no less vehement than those on Republicans.

The Velveteen Ocelot

(115,683 posts)
4. Bernie's pitch was warmed-over 60's class-struggle stuff
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 01:38 PM
Apr 2020

from the mimeographed SWP leaflets he probably picked up on campus.

SWBTATTReg

(22,114 posts)
5. I agree w/ you on this. It seems like he's stuck in some sort of alternate timezone, and I ...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 01:56 PM
Apr 2020

imagine him being the 'hippie' that got left behind.

Time to move on, perhaps? He seems kind of pissed off about not getting picked or getting enough votes this time around. I wonder what excuse he's going to come up with this time around? He seems to gripe about anything and everything. That's why I would never vote for him, he's too negative all of the time, it seems (and he's waving his hands around all of the time, it drives me nuts when he does this). Sure, I know things aren't perfect by any length, but still...

I do admire him for one thing, MFA...it takes guts to propose another health plan or one to modify what we have in place w/ the ACA. The republicans slaughtered democratic nominees in the last national election because of the mistruths spread about the ACA. Don't let them do this to anyone else, including Sanders.

From where I'm sitting, most republicans, on proposing an alternative health plan, are coming up w/ zero plans, zero enhancements, zero anything. They instead, seem to advocate that everyone should go ahead and catch the CV, and those that are too weak, too sick, and too meek, should go ahead and die.

Pathetic. They don't even deserve to be called 'human'. More concerned in the Dow Jones Industrials than lives.

Some Christian spirit, eh?

Alex4Martinez

(2,193 posts)
6. And yet he succeeded in a number of significant ways.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 02:02 PM
Apr 2020

He succeeded, over two major election cycles, to bring people into the process, people who were otherwise disengaged.

Over the long term, especially with younger generations, this fundamental fact should never be forgotten.

I and others have made great new lifelong friends through working to support your initiatives.

Thank you, Senator Sanders.

Response to Alex4Martinez (Reply #6)

brush

(53,774 posts)
12. Naive to the nth degree. For a who has lived all his long life here he should've known...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 02:40 PM
Apr 2020

the Democratic Party nor the country was not going to elect a socialist.

Response to brush (Reply #12)

brush

(53,774 posts)
17. You've said that before. It would be a landslide for trump though if Sanders had gotten...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:11 PM
Apr 2020

our nomination. With the economy in a shambles, unemployment sky high and the virus I think it'll be just the opposite with sanders.

And why are you even on a site that promotes Democrats?

Response to brush (Reply #17)

Response to Sherman A1 (Reply #34)

Sherman A1

(38,958 posts)
37. No, because I don't see the Presumptive Nominee
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:36 PM
Apr 2020

as able to win. They are two entirely different things but that might be difficult for you to understand.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
39. Why can't you just explain why the presumptive nominee "isn't able to win?"
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:45 PM
Apr 2020

Is that something that would be "too difficult" for you to articluate?

Response to ehrnst (Reply #39)

Response to ehrnst (Reply #112)

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
116. No one
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 12:13 PM
Apr 2020

said it wasn't an opinion.

Strawman much?

Someone simply asking you to articulate why you think a candidate can't win isn't an attack, Hon.

Expecting your opinion to be given the weight of fact doesn't fly as credible in debate, and pointing that out isn't being "the thought police."

I see you also don't care to take your own medicine..."Little Buddy."


Response to ehrnst (Reply #116)

Response to ehrnst (Reply #121)

Response to TwilightZone (Reply #31)

Response to ehrnst (Reply #40)

The Magistrate

(95,247 posts)
48. You Can Vote For The Man Anyway, Sir
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 08:48 PM
Apr 2020

I knew Mondale would fail but I went out in November and did my duty anyway.

Unless my eyesight is much less than I think, you display Mr. Truman as your emblem.

You sound, however, like the people who boomed for Wallace in 1948, and one strongly suspects that had you been alive at the time, you would have scorned Mr. Truman as a Cold Warrior, and as a war-monger in Greece and Korea, and as a hack risen from a corrupt political machine who had no business near the Presidency.

Response to The Magistrate (Reply #48)

The Magistrate

(95,247 posts)
54. Is That An Open Declaration That You Will, Sir?
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 08:58 PM
Apr 2020

Probably best not to go into the rest of it. If you say you are incredibly stupid I am happy to take you at your word. That is the courteous thing to do.

Response to The Magistrate (Reply #54)

The Magistrate

(95,247 posts)
104. It May Come As A Surprise To You, Sir
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 09:20 AM
Apr 2020

But people generally do not, on opening the Democratic Underground forums, rush to learn just what pronouncements may have been made recently by 'Sherman A1'. You will have to pardon the general ignorance of your position displayed in exchanges like this, and perhaps adjust your attitude, and view of your importance. If we ever crossed words in the Primary forum, nothing you said was of sufficient heft, nor sufficiently amusing, to lodge yourself in my mind. Admittedly I am an absent-minded sort, but there are people I do recollect, and even keep an eye out for, to see what they may have said lately.

My interest in this thread was sparked by seeing commentary which echoed what I have been saying for a few weeks here, and since the campaign began in discussions with a grandson who shares my interest in politics. It is nice to see that now at least some elements of the press are discarding the 'Bernie-centric' view of the primary contest, though it took the utter defeat of Sanders to get into print what ought to have been as obvious to professionals as it was to armchair amateurs. In the course of reading through responses, your dark hints in dire warning amused me, and so the question was asked. I expect your answer is truthful, but that there would be an answer in the affirmative was not much better than even odds, judging by the line you pressed.

Response to John Fante (Reply #92)

Response to ehrnst (Reply #42)

Response to ehrnst (Reply #111)

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
117. No one
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 12:17 PM
Apr 2020

said it was... don't expect others to defend straw men you keep on setting up and attacking.

I simply stated it helps one's credibility to articulate why one believes that a candidate is unelectable. Otherwise it just appears that it's because they aren't the one that you wanted to win.

Sounds as though it's a real sore point with you.

You keep responding, yes?

Blue_true

(31,261 posts)
55. You have your opinion, I completely disagree.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 09:17 PM
Apr 2020

The average working man an woman out there is seeing Trump and the Republican Party for what they are, people that will throw scads of money at the rich, but only give a pittance to working people, more to keep them marginally placated, never enough to ever help with the challenges they face.

Trump has the lever of power and normally that is a big benefit, but he is showing clearly that he is not remotely the leader this country needs, and that won't get any better as we move to November. At this point, only a stroke of luck will keep Trump from facing one of the worst defeats in history, IMO, and luck appears to be pretty thin at this point.

I feel good about our chances in November.

Response to Blue_true (Reply #55)

TwilightZone

(25,470 posts)
11. The "process" includes voting, and that is where it has largely failed.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 02:30 PM
Apr 2020

The argument that he's bringing the youthful masses into the process has always been a bit of a myth. Didn't happen in 2016 or he would have done better. Hasn't happened this cycle, either.

The ironic thing is that it did happen to some degree in 2018, when voter turnout among young people was significantly higher and Sanders wasn't even running for anything. One possible - and simple - explanation is that young people were voting for the same reasons as other groups, and it had little or nothing to do with Sanders.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
41. But rowdy rallies certainly do make one feel very validated...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:47 PM
Apr 2020

cheering is some strong juju.

Listening sessions are so much less of a rush.

Blue_true

(31,261 posts)
56. I completely agree.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 09:23 PM
Apr 2020

The only people that Sanders brought into the "process" were voters that were determined to vote against him, the "not Bernie" contingent in every primary was always far larger than the pro Sanders split, and when it came down to Sanders or Biden, the "not Bernie" side showed up with a vengeance. People that vote get the prize, history is rather clear on that point. The pro Sanders people can keep saying that Sanders has set a permanent mark, he has not, it is Biden who all along had the chance to go down as one of America's Presidents that was ideally suited for his time.

True Blue American

(17,984 posts)
85. Funny how all those young people
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 05:04 AM
Apr 2020

Rushed out and voted Democratic in 2018, Huh? If Sanders was their Messiah?

College kids are smart. They know more than we ever will. And are very good about seeing who is lying to them! Climate change for instance. Much smarter than their parents.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
18. The subject was his POTUS run, and the article mentioned some sucsesses.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:14 PM
Apr 2020

However, the failure of getting younger voters to turn out and actually vote may have been his own doing - he railed against "the Democratic establishment" so much that he turned many of them off to voting in "Democratic" primaries.

Which is sad, and may hurt turnout among those in the future. If a group won't vote for anyone but one politician, it's not a movement, it's a cult of personality.

Bernie himself clearly didn't think that voting was important until he ran for office, when it served his own personal ambitions.

Which is also sad.



betsuni

(25,476 posts)
20. Telling them everything's rigged and everyone's corrupt and both parties are the same.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:34 PM
Apr 2020

Why WOULD they bother to vote?

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
23. +1000.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:44 PM
Apr 2020

There seems to be the idea among Sanders supporters that he's the "only" ethical politician, which he doesn't seem to dispute.

How does that even "bring people into politics" that weren't into politics before?

betsuni

(25,476 posts)
58. I agree with Roy Delfino:
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 10:20 PM
Apr 2020

"Bernie was given the privilege of shaping the political worldview of millions of bright, young, open-minded first-time voters. He chose to use his powers to convince them of a simplistic, poisonous worldview. It goes a little like this: the vast majority of Americans actually agree with Bernie's radical policies but millionaires and billionaires have bribed our entire government, as well as the DNC, into doing everything they can to stop true progressive ideas. So many young progressives, once inspired by Bernie, were convinced by him to see corruption and conspiracy behind every corner, to wallow in apathy and anti-establishment helplessness."

It's a shame.

Cha

(297,187 posts)
26. Joe Biden "brought more people into the Process" this time &
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:55 PM
Apr 2020

he Spent 4x Less $$$$ to WIN than BS did to Lose.

Alex4Martinez

(2,193 posts)
43. That's terrific. But look, a lot of people lost...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:56 PM
Apr 2020

...and a lot brought in new members, I'm guessing.

I think all are due the credit they deserve and that if we pull together we might just get this evil troll out of our whitehouse!

TexasTowelie

(112,150 posts)
59. Number of registered voters in Texas:
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 10:40 PM
Apr 2020

2014 - Primary, March
Registered Voters
13,601,324
Voting Age Population (VAP)
18,915,297
Percentage of VAP Registered
71.91%

2014 - November (Gubernatorial)
Registered Voters
14,025,441
Voting Age Population (VAP)
18,915,297
Percentage of VAP Registered
74.15%

2015 - November (Constitutional)
Registered Voters
13,988,920
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,110,272
Percentage of VAP Registered
73.20%

2016 - Primary, March
Registered Voters
14,238,436
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,307,355
Percentage of VAP Registered
73.75%

2016 - November (Presidential)
Registered Voters
15,101,087
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,307,355
Percentage of VAP Registered
78.21%

2017 - November (Constitutional)
Registered Voters
15,099,137
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,502,633
Percentage of VAP Registered
77.42%

2018 - Primary, March
Registered Voters
15,249,541
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,900,980
Percentage of VAP Registered
76.63%

2018 - November (Gubernatorial)
Registered Voters
15,793,257
Voting Age Population (VAP)
19,900,980
Percentage of VAP Registered
79.36%

2019 - November (Constitutional)
Registered Voters
15,962,988
Voting Age Population (VAP)
21,596,071
Percentage of VAP Registered
73.92%

2020 - Primary, March
Registered Voters
16,000,000 +

Data for 2014-2019, Texas Secretary of State
Data for 2020, KUT and Texas Standard (mid-January numbers with only a few weeks left to register)

Between November 2015 and the primary in March 2016 there were about 250,000 more registered voters (that could be related to Bernie being in the race). An additional 863,000 voters registered between the primary and general election (much less likely that Bernie had an impact since he wasn't on the ballot).

Between November 2017 and the primary in March 2018 there were about 150,000 more registered voters (Bernie would not have affected those numbers since he wasn't on the ballot). An additional 544,000 voters registered between the primary and general election (that should most likely be attributed to the Beto effect).

While I don't have exact numbers for March 2020, I'll be generous and say that about 100,000 registered voters were added (although the data shows an increase of only 38,000 compared to November 2019).

From my perspective, it looks like the Beto effect in Texas during 2018 was much larger than the Bernie effect in Texas in either 2016 or 2020.

ismnotwasm

(41,976 posts)
7. Also, I think people think we can have more that two parties "in power" at a time
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 02:04 PM
Apr 2020

I suppose American politics could evolve that way, but it’s not set up that way, and never has been.

 

la-trucker

(283 posts)
15. The message was delivered in an angry, combative fashion
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 04:00 PM
Apr 2020

and not with calm reasoning.

Also, hatred of corporations and rich people is not prevalent. Most people work for corporations.

Scurrilous

(38,687 posts)
66. Exactly.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 01:09 AM
Apr 2020

His desire to get rid of entire industries and turn their work over to the government certainly lost him a ton of voters. And hating on the rich is stupid. People want to be like the rich, not chop their heads off in Central Park.




meadowlander

(4,395 posts)
21. Because the media would rather mock "kooky", "cranky" Bernie than engage with his point.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:37 PM
Apr 2020

The one that threatens the share prices of the four companies that own 90% of the media in the US.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
24. So it's "the media's" failure, and not Sanders?
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:50 PM
Apr 2020

Why is it always an "invisible hand" and never his own actions and words? Why is Bernie somehow "incapable" of miscalculating how his message is actually coming across, or the accuracy of his own theory of how people identify politically, or making even the most minor of mistakes, let alone huge ones? Or that anyone who disagrees with him is utterly wrong at best, and utterly corrupt at worst?



Since you may not have read the article, here is a very huge mistake that Sanders made:

A regression analysis by FiveThirtyEight’s Nate Silver finds support for this theory. Silver’s data shows that Clinton-skeptical Bernie supporters in 2016 were not progressives who opposed Clinton from the left, but from moderate or conservative Democrats who tended to have right-leaning views on racial issues and were more likely to support repealing Obamacare. These #NeverHillary voters also tended to be rural, lower-class, and white.

For some of these voters, Sanders may have been a protest vote against a woman closely identified with progressive social causes. When the alternative was Joe Biden, a male Democrat with working-class appeal who’s widely perceived as a moderate, they seemed to have preferred him over the Vermont socialist.

Third, the Sanders-socialist theory rested on a misunderstanding of the way identity works in contemporary American politics.
.......................

“The future of [Bernie’s] agenda lies with young people, but college-educated and suburban voters are increasingly interested in the progressive agenda,” Sean McElwee, co-founder of the left-wing polling outfit Data for Progress, tells me. “Sadly, we [progressives] are about four years behind in reaching out to those voters because people don’t read enough fucking polling data.”



Bernie has shown he doesn't trust data that doesn't simply his own assumptions, no matter the source - if they disagree with him they are therefore wrong. That is a fatal flaw in anyone aspiring to leadership. He surrounds himself with "yes" men, because anyone else is considered a heretic. Both Clintons and Obama listened to those who told them possible negative outcomes of their ideas. They had the self-awareness and humility to admit mistakes and understand that they could actually be wrong. Bernie lacks those attributes from what I've seen.

But I'll bite - when has the legitimate free press called Bernie "kooky?" When they fact checked something he said, and found that it wasn't accurate? When they asked a followup question that indicated that he hadn't answered something completely or that he left out an important point, like responsible journalists do with any politcian?

Bashing the free press for not simply fawning on him and being his stenographer is something that the RW does for Trump.

And it's dangerous at this point in history.

I also see you're still "undecided" about what candidate you are going to support, despite the fact that the Democrats have a candidate.


meadowlander

(4,395 posts)
32. The primaries are over.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:31 PM
Apr 2020

Why don't you let it rest?

I'm "Undecided" because I can't be bothered to change my button (which was Warren, BTW). Obviously I've voting for Biden or I wouldn't be posting here.

If you want to know why some Bernie supporters are less than enthusiastic about coming together, why not take a good look in mirror at the badgering behaviour exemplified by this thread and half the posts in it.

He's out of the race now. Get over it.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
33. Look in a mirror yourself.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:34 PM
Apr 2020

You were the one blaming the press... and you haven't been able to provide an instance of them calling them kooky.

It's clear that you're the one that isn't 'getting over it," Hon.





meadowlander

(4,395 posts)
36. What are you hoping to accomplish with this thread?
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:35 PM
Apr 2020

And how does that align with the mission to get Trump out of office in November?

I don't see how it does, and as such I'm done with this.

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
38. I guess learning from one's mistakes isn't something that you see value in?
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:38 PM
Apr 2020

Perhaps you can explain now your post bashing the entire free press as corrupt and unreliable is "aligning with the mission to get Trump out of office in November." And how that lends credibility to one's position...



What are you hoping to accomplish with your posts in this thread, other than kicking the OP? You seem to get testy when someone responds.

Look in a mirror. And then take it up with the author at VOX, along with the rest of the "corrupt" media.

I'm just sharing it.





The Magistrate

(95,247 posts)
53. If You Would Like Greater Influence For Progressives In The Party, Sir
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 08:55 PM
Apr 2020

Does it not make sense to learn from Sanders' failure to achieve this?

For make no mistake about it, Sanders has not increased but decreased 'progressive' influence in the Democratic Party. A great many rank and file Democrats actively hate the man, and to the degree his posturing as the embodiment of 'progressives' is taken seriously, these will see scant reason to take a welcoming stance towards members of the progressive faction.


"Good judgement comes from experience. Experience comes from bad judgement."

Gothmog

(145,168 posts)
25. Why did Bernie Sanders drop out? The progressive majority he needed doesn't exist
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:54 PM
Apr 2020



Biden’s vision has now won out: He is the apparent Democratic nominee after Sanders suspended his campaign Wednesday following a mid-pandemic Wisconsin primary marred by vast polling site closures and a U.S. Supreme Court ruling that effectively invalidated many absentee ballots. (Sanders said Monday, given the risks to voters, his campaign would not engage in traditional efforts to get them to the polls.)….

And in particular, his decisive win over Sanders in the primary — without even campaigning in many states — further highlights the limitations of progressive politics in America, at least in winning a national campaign.

Sanders, a self-described democratic socialist, made a bad bet on the existence of a national progressive majority (as did Sen. Elizabeth Warren, D-Mass., who ran as a progressive populist but dropped out after Super Tuesday). It turns out there's nothing even close.

In fact, it’s not even clear that a progressive majority exists within the Democratic Party. What does exist is a moderately center-left party with a vocal progressive element.

Sanders frequently said on the campaign trail that he was leading a “multigenerational, multiracial movement,” pledging to mobilize an army of new, young voters. But it turns out older and moderate voters are the ones that grew as a share of the Democratic primary electorate since 2016 — and they favored Biden by a wide margin.

Take the South Carolina primary on Feb. 29, which Biden won, or the 10 of 14 states he captured on Super Tuesday: In all, he appealed to the same coalitions that boosted Democrats so strongly in the 2018 midterm elections, turning out large numbers of suburban voters, while maintaining support from longstanding elements of the Democratic coalition, particularly African American voters.....

Still, with the 2020 Democratic primary process essentially over, it’s clear that the hard-core Democratic left was deluded in their assertions that they were the new Democratic majority. They are going to need a better grip on reality if they are to be successful at the national level moving forward
 

LaurenOlimina

(1,165 posts)
27. Ya think?
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 05:58 PM
Apr 2020
"This created a big problem for Sanders. His refusal to formally become a Democrat — and harsh attacks on the “Democratic establishment” — were much less likely to resonate with voters strongly attached to the Democratic Party. This effect seems to have hurt him badly."


Falls into the NO SHIT category

Hortensis

(58,785 posts)
30. They were so extremely wrong in many ways because of
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 06:21 PM
Apr 2020

their own extremist traits, including irrational conviction of their own righteousness. Extremists always believe "the people" really secretly think as they do and always believe the ends justify the means, never understanding how many don't want their ends and are appalled by their "means."

Lanius

(599 posts)
67. Extremists on both sides are so deluded due to living in a bubble 24/7.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 01:32 AM
Apr 2020

I had to stop watching so many self-proclaimed "progressives" on YouTube because of how self-righteous and condescending they have become.

Hortensis

(58,785 posts)
77. Oh, yes. Reality's pretty clear and simple to them.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 02:56 AM
Apr 2020

Their illusion of being the only ones capable of understanding what they do is constantly proven by the inability of others to reduce enormous complexity to simple minded, delusion-serving conviction.

Back in the 1970s I got a new boyfriend and new circles and just "disappeared" some then, even though we were still in the same city. No internet then, though.

ck4829

(35,069 posts)
47. I'm interested in this idea of "education divides"
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 07:59 PM
Apr 2020

I've got 2 college degrees but I am very low income (Let's just say it's less than 20k a year) and yeah, I'm a leftist but also a straight ticket Democratic voter.

"— think doctors —", that's not me.

betsuni

(25,476 posts)
57. The "diploma divide" is much more important than income level.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 10:10 PM
Apr 2020

About the last election, when the non-college white vote in the swing states went for Trump:

"The relationship between education and support for Donald Trump is plain: Trump did worse -- and Clinton better -- among whites with college degrees or some postgraduate education than among whites who did not have college degrees. However, this relationship disappeared once views of racial inequality and illegal immigrants were accounted for in the statistical analysis. Because whites with more formal education have long had more positive views of racial and ethnic minorities and because these views were themselves strongly related to how Americans voted in 2016, the education gap was largely a racial attitudes gap.

"Notably, economic factors did not much affect the correlation between education and voters' preference for Clinton or Trump. For example, voters' household incomes did not explain the educational divide. Trump voters who did not attend college were actually relatively affluent, and moreover, the educational divide among whites was present among voters at all income levels. Similarly, economic anxiety did not explain much of the educational divide. ... In fact, one study of white voters without a college education or salaried job found that those who reported being in fair or poor financial shape were actually more likely to support Clinton, not Trump, compared to those who were in better financial shape. Ultimately, no other factor in these surveys explained the education gap as well as racial attitudes -- not partisanship, not ideology, not authoritarianism, not sexism, not income, not economic anxiety.

"In 2016, the presidential campaign focused on issues tied to racial, ethnic, and religious identities and attitudes. The two candidates took very different positions on those issues, and voters perceived those differences. People's attitudes on these issues were then 'activated' as decision-making criteria and became even more strongly associated with white voters' preference for Clinton or Trump than they were with their preferences in 2012 or other recent elections. ... The activation of these issues helped Trump win because there were so many Obama voters whose views on these issues were arguably closer to Trump's than to Obama's or Clinton's -- and these voters were especially prevalent in battleground states. Their shift to Trump helped him prevail in the Electoral College, even while losing the popular vote."

From Sides, Tesler, Vavrack "Identity Crisis"

Scurrilous

(38,687 posts)
60. Excellent article.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 10:47 PM
Apr 2020

That class based crap was a nonstarter from the get go. An already disproved and rejected fantasy Bernie glommed onto for some reason when he stayed at that Stalinist kibbutz in the 60's.

Ber Borochov - spiritual founder of Hashomer Hatzair, the movement associated with the Sha'ar HaAmakim kibbutz:

'A key part of Borochovian ideology was that the Arab and Jewish working classes had a common proletarian interest and would participate in the class struggle together once Jews had returned to Palestine.'

'...Borochov's vision of class struggle in Palestine was widely viewed as untenable by the 1910s, with Jewish migrants to Palestine struggling to establish an economic foothold and with interclass cooperation seemingly necessary, and his theories dimmed in popularity there. Borochov, for years an advocate for a doctrinaire Marxist Zionism, himself seemed to repudiate his former vision of class struggle in Palestine in speeches towards the end of his life. Borochov insisted that he was a Social Democrat...'

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ber_Borochov

Untenable in the 1910's, untenable now.

Hortensis

(58,785 posts)
69. Pure Sanders, though. I don't doubt his hard-wiring to LW class
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 02:38 AM
Apr 2020

revolution, a lifelong passion, and he's always shown indications of extremist traits.

His late-in-life decision that he could finally lead revolution through building a LW class-warfare populism-driven movement, though, diverted him from drawing mainstream voters to potentially sellable ideals of income redistribution to feeding and indulging the far broader antagonisms typical of those drawn to populist movements.

He lost whatever chance his lies about socialism might have had to draw more mainstream support, because, I strongly suspect, he himself is also motivated by populist antagonisms and destructive tendencies, which were reinforced. Leaders don't just shape their followers but become shaped by them as they seek their approval and growth in numbers. If some Democrats missed ugly and alarming signs and events signaling ruthless willingness to smash all in his way, most didn't. (Including the very strange business of double teaming with the Republicans to destroy the Democrats' Obamacare when full replacement would have taken most of a decade, if it was even possible.)

Also of course there were serious issues of lack of competence, more magical thinking regarding methods and possibility of achieving goals, and the misunderstandings and misinterpretations typical of extremist thinking.

If that weren't enough, and it certainly was for me, he'd long demonstrated tremendous weakness of commitment to his class-warfare passions by his nearly three decades of abandonment to keep his seat and status among the elite classes. He brought his irrational loathing and warped view of liberal Democrats to congress (and getting to know them changed nothing!), but he settled in to a career of voting against his principles anyway.

It's not at all strange that this person lost, or even that a charismatic speaker could make it to the U.S. senate; but that he ever became more than "I-Sanders" in the group photos taken every 2 years is as much a result of our troubled times as Trump's election.

True Blue American

(17,984 posts)
87. Have any of you read," Hillbilly Elegy"?
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 05:26 AM
Apr 2020

It is based on Middletown, Ohio, about 30 miles South of me. It was eye opening for me because it simply re-enforced what I have witnessed since the 1980’s.

Those people still have the mentality they have structured over those years. Never mind their Grandparents had the courage to leave the hills of Kentucky, West Virginia, even Southern Ohio on the River.

They moan the loss of the great Steel Mills, use drugs and alcohol as a crutch, but still pretend to despise welfare although many are on it. Not willing to educate themselves, or move where the jobs are they think a snake oil salesman will fix things for them.

Scurrilous

(38,687 posts)
119. Yep.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 12:42 PM
Apr 2020

'...he'd long demonstrated tremendous weakness of commitment to his class-warfare passions by his nearly three decades of abandonment to keep his seat and status among the elite classes.'

'He lost in 1988 Congressional race, the last time
the Democratic party ran an official candidate against him. In
that election Sanders and the Democrat, Paul Poirer, split the
majority of votes and the election went to the Republican, Peter Smith.

Bernie–out of office for the first time in eight years–
then went to the Kennedy School at Harvard for six months and came
back with a new relationship with the state’s Democrats. The
Vermont Democratic Party leadership has allowed no authorized
candidate to run against Bernie in 1990 (or since) and in return,
Bernie has repeatedly blocked third party building.'

https://www.libertyunionparty.org/?page_id=363

brooklynite

(94,518 posts)
64. I believe that Sanders was a "true" Socialist...
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 11:40 PM
Apr 2020

He was smart enough to realize that Socialism was unsaleable in the American political system, so he simplified his message with progressive policies wrapped in a "Democratic Socialism" blanket. But looking back to the 80's, he was enamored of Cuba, Nicaragua and the Soviet Union, in a way he never appeared to be with the nordic social democracies that he points to today.

TexasTowelie

(112,150 posts)
65. I think that it was pretty evident when Bernie was interviewed by Seth Meyers this past week.
Sun Apr 12, 2020, 11:54 PM
Apr 2020

Seth would ask a question and Bernie would respond with one sentence, then he went into his stump speech for the umpteenth time. After hearing the same old talking points repeatedly, the voters wised up and realized that he was unable to alter or adjust his message when new information was provided.

Gothmog

(145,168 posts)
68. 538-Did Sanders Blow It For The Democratic Left? Or Was The Nomination Always Out Of Reach?
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 01:40 AM
Apr 2020



Overall, however, I think there is a decent case that the left was always going to have a hard time defeating a center left in 2020.

The Sanders/Warren wing is smaller than the Obama/Clinton/Biden wing of the party, even though the Sanders/Warren wing tends to be more active and visible, especially online,” said Benjamin Knoll, who teaches American politics at Kentucky’s Centre College. “The Sanders wing of the party is hugely popular among younger Democrats, and time and time again they simply don’t show up to vote in primaries at the same rate as older voters.”

He added, “In 2016, the ‘establishment’ wing coalesced around a single candidate, Hillary Clinton, and was able to beat back Sanders. This time it may have been possible for Sanders to follow the 2016 Trump route by having a core third of the party and splitting the establishment vote, allowing him to emerge with a plurality. But the Democratic primary electorate coalesced around Biden after South Carolina.”...

Of course, that’s not to say you can’t make a compelling argument that 2020 represented a golden opportunity for the left and they simply fumbled it.

The left embraced two Northeastern liberals with entirely predictable weaknesses with older black voters, and neither Sanders nor Warren did much to connect with those voters.

Sanders and Warren did not focus enough on convincing voters that they were as electable as Biden, even as polls showed Democratic voters were obsessed with picking a candidate who could beat Trump.

Sanders and Warren embraced getting rid of private insurance in favor of Medicare for All, a position that is controversial even among Democrats and was easy for the center left to cast as both impractical and a barrier to defeating Trump.

Neither Sanders nor Warren had effective strategies for defending themselves from attacks from the party’s center left after they surged in the polls.

After his win in Nevada, Sanders did little to engage Democrats who didn’t already support him; in fact, he antagonized them./b]

Warren was unwilling to drop out and endorse Sanders before Super Tuesday, even as the weaker center-left candidates consolidated around Biden

Sanders’s campaign apparently planned to win the nomination by getting a plurality of the vote (30 to 35 percent) in a crowded field and it didn’t appear to have a real plan for a one-on-one contest against Biden.


…...Finally, some of the more campaign-centric narratives seem clearly contradicted by the structural case I laid out above. Biden’s support among black voters was strong before he formally started his campaign, and none of the other candidates — including two prominent black ones (Sens. Cory Booker and Kamala Harris) — ever really dented it, so it’s hard to say that flawed black outreach was a particular failing of Sanders or Warren.
 

ConnorMarc

(653 posts)
75. Bernie's likable enough
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 02:53 AM
Apr 2020

I don't see how regular voters would align themselves w/the Establishment to the point of being offended by his use and or attacks against it. That makes no sense to me.

What Bernie failed to do was address the racial disparity specifically, he continued to ignore it going for class disparity instead.

Big mistake.

Everyone who ignore the black disparity will fail the same way, no matter how strong or powerful their message.

And, yes, I am a Bernie Bruh.

True Blue American

(17,984 posts)
88. No, Bernie is not
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 05:28 AM
Apr 2020

He is the typical angry old man who would yell get off my porch. His actions at the 2016 Convention showed what he is, a poor loser.

Response to True Blue American (Reply #88)

Response to ConnorMarc (Reply #75)

uriel1972

(4,261 posts)
80. I have no real skin in the game, being unable to vote in USA elections....
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 04:47 AM
Apr 2020

but it always struck me as strange that Bernie Sanders would spend so much time lambasting the Democratic Party apparatus, but would expect it to come calling hat in hand every four years. Quite frankly I would have told him "No dice." However it's not my place to make decisions of that nature.

True Blue American

(17,984 posts)
81. Ehrnst
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 04:50 AM
Apr 2020

Last edited Mon Apr 13, 2020, 10:34 AM - Edit history (1)

This post is from a long time Democrat who first voted for JFK. My opinion only,take it with a grain of salt..

Bernie Sanders did not turn the Democratic Party any way than from what they have always been for the most part with some mistakes.

I am reminded of the Freedom Caucus that did serious damage to the Republican Party. Tear down was their plan. Most of them are now gone except Mark Meadows, Jim Jordan and MCCarthy, who is wishy washy. The little Congressional group that surrounded Sanders, denigrated Pelosi, loud are not winning. If Nancy had been a bad Speaker but she was the first Democrat in History to get the beginnings of a decent Health Care system.

Those 4 women could have gained so much more if they had come in, learned the rules and worked from within. Instead, like the FC they were loud, insulting to their own party, accomplished little.

Bernie used the Party but tried to undermine,Force his wishes and allowed his staff to be strident and insulting to the Party that had accepted him. They did more harm than good. The voters rejected them,having learned a hard lesson that Republicans and Trump do not want them to have decent Health care or any kind of programs that help the less fortunate among us.

Now,we better hope and pray that cheating, gerrymandering and voter suppression do not let them win again.

As Pogo says,” We have met the enemy and it is us.” Those who deride Unions for not being strong enough, complain about how both parties are alike, blame others that they have lost all the cushy jobs are the problem!

Paladin

(28,254 posts)
115. Beating trump is all that matters now.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 11:49 AM
Apr 2020

Having Bernie as a candidate would have handed trump a second term. No thank you.

rampartc

(5,407 posts)
86. we are about to learn (a lesson that we continually fail to learn)
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 05:11 AM
Apr 2020

bernie is correct about class. "identity politics" will lose to trumpism in 2020 and the foreseeable future.

the obvious dissimilar interests of $15/ hr employees and $megabonus wall streeters is not some "outdated marxist theory."

we can't continue to represent the bankers, who will vote for tax cuts and reliable deregulation, and blame our losses on russians or socialists.

"for every blue collar worker we lose in pennsylvania, we will gain 2 votes in the suburbs." chuck schumer

LiberalBrooke

(527 posts)
97. Bernie failed because he is not a Democrat.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 07:44 AM
Apr 2020

I’m still amazed that the Democratic Party allowed him a platform to run for their nomination even though he not only refused to join the party but continued to bash membership.

UCmeNdc

(9,600 posts)
102. Time to stop worrying about Bernie Sanders, concentrate on destroying Donald Trump
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 09:01 AM
Apr 2020

Bernie Sanders is yesterday's news.

True Blue American

(17,984 posts)
103. Not worried at all.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 09:05 AM
Apr 2020

Just tired of the many excuses and what could have been.

The Voters made their choice. Now, we are in the General Elecction to defeat Trump and every Republican. Right down to the School board!

 

ehrnst

(32,640 posts)
118. Those who ignore history are doomed to repeat it.
Mon Apr 13, 2020, 12:21 PM
Apr 2020

That's not "worrying" - that's called learning from the mistakes of others.

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