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Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsSteve Forbes pimping the Flat Tax on MSNBC
Was asked if it weighs more heavily on people at the lower end of the economic scale and he replied "NO! It encourages GROWTH!"
sabbat hunter
(6,829 posts)the flat tax because it means capital gains are not taxed, and therefore he would pay zero dollars in federal taxes each year.
still_one
(92,187 posts)it eliminate long term capital gains, and everything would be taxed as regular income.
sabbat hunter
(6,829 posts)capital gains would not be taxed. only 'earned income' would be taxed.
Yo_Mama_Been_Loggin
(107,956 posts)Last edited Mon Nov 17, 2014, 10:34 PM - Edit history (1)
While us little people would pay.
yeoman6987
(14,449 posts)Have people put in their exemptions. And whatever goes out of the paycheck is the taxes you pay period. No filing at the end of the year. Nothing. Done. I think we would be better off. Workers don't miss the money since they already don't see it. That is how are taxes should be PERIOD!
Anansi1171
(793 posts)...of our economy; middle-men processing a complicated tax code and the IRS which can the feed of penalties and the cottage industry it supports.
You are Americans- its your right to suffer and for the few to profit at your and your families expense.
sabbat hunter
(6,829 posts)so no I do not like that plan
yeoman6987
(14,449 posts)still_one
(92,187 posts)green energy and other things to help people. No deductions for home mortgages, and charities. I wonder if Forbes would also eliminate long term capital gains with his flat tax? Somehow I doubt it. In fact I would be he would suggest no tax on any Capital Gains.
hobbit709
(41,694 posts)Then exempt everyone under $400,000 from any tax and anyone above that pays 50%
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)and wouldn't that be a huge tax cut for people who make $200,000 or $300,000 a year?
And very little benefit for those making under $50,000 a year.
hobbit709
(41,694 posts)If they had to pay a 50% rate you'd hear them howling on the far side of the moon.
I just tossed that idea out as a retort to Forbes's BS.
hfojvt
(37,573 posts)the historical table I made is here http://journals.democraticunderground.com/hfojvt/169
For 2007, average tax rates
top 0.1% - 21.46
top 1% - 22.45
top 4% - 17.52
next 5% - 12.66
next 15% - 9.43
next 25% - 7.01
bottom 50% - 2.99%
Of course, that is an average. As a single guy with income of $31,541.84 and AGI of $25,541.84 I paid 6.47% on my AGI and 5.47% on my income (not including health care and pension deductions (another $1,253 of my wages went into my pension fund and was not considered taxable income by the IRS (but it was taxable by Kansas)))
Also, I and my employer paid another $2,396.73 in FICA taxes.
The 50% upper rate is fine, but the large tax cuts for people making $70,000 to $400,000 - not so fine at all.
Lint Head
(15,064 posts)Forbes will come out of the woodwork touting old right wing mantras till the frigging cows come home.
B Calm
(28,762 posts)Why does MSNBC even give him airtime? Never mind. .
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)@12%
If I make 50k I pay 6k in taxes
If I make 500k I pay 60k in taxes
If I make 5m I pay 600k in taxes
No loopholes
Deductions for charity only
Done.
Goodbye 7/8's of the IRS
JaneyVee
(19,877 posts)Is it fair for someone who makes less than 1% of the nations wealth to pay the same amount in taxes than someone who makes 40% of the nations wealth?
For example, 12% tax on someone making $25k/yr hurts them while 12% tax on billionaires they wipe their ass with. We already have an income inequality problem.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)If someone makes 25k a year they pay 3k a year in taxes. Thats 250 bucks a month.
ill say it again. It's fair
JaneyVee
(19,877 posts)Never mind that this flat tax would eventually pulverize social security, medicare. Also, with the cost of war, who do you think will get stuck with the bill? The poor and middle class already fight our wars, the rich can do their patriotic duty by shutting the f up and at least fund these wars. After all, they've got more to lose.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Poverty line in America is 23k four a family of four. But that must include two adults.
So fine cut it to 1/2 for below PL households.
But to the rest of the apocalypse you surmise, you should really learn about who is and isn't paying actual dollars now.
JaneyVee
(19,877 posts)Almost all of sales taxes, gas taxes, property taxes, etc. What's better for the economy, 40 millionaires buying one washing machine each or 100 million middle class buying one washing machine each? What you're basically advocating for is a huge tax cut for the rich while raising taxes on the poor and mid class.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Just scare tactics because you switched to sales and property taxes. And gas taxes are sales tax.
And on property taxes. I'm sure you don't know how those work either.
And gas tax. Who do you think pays more on gas. Those with little cars at 87 octane and 30 mpg or those with Mercedes s500's at 93 octane and 12mpg
Please don't make be defend the rich and stick to the philosophical income tax debate
pangaia
(24,324 posts)Federal poverty level.. gas tax, sales tax.....
It doesn't strike you that for a family of 4 to live on $25,000 is a bit... difficult?? yeesh.
So 12% tax on $25,000 is $3000. That leaves $22,000 to live on.
12% tax on $2,000,000 is $240,000. That leaves $1,760,000. Oh, the poor folks who have to suffer living on only $1,760,000..
Get it?
Warpy
(111,255 posts)Investment income is untaxed, meaning the rich will get richer, quicker.
People who work for a living will have to take a 30% pay cut to pay their taxes. And don't tell me they'll get it back at the end of the year, they won't survive such a cut for a year. Most are living paycheck to paycheck now, even those in the professions.
Your problem is that you are an ideologue, sold on a phony "fairness" issue that says one size fits all (except people who live on investment income who are exempted).
This was all argued out a century ago and the progressive income tax that hit wealth harder than labor was adopted as it was the most fair of all, the greater burden being put on people who could afford it. The reason we lost the system was that it was tied to Depression era dollar amounts that weren't indexed to inflation, annoying in good times but crippling during the oil shocks of the 70s.
So dream on. Too many of us can add and subtract and most of us can tell that a system that taxes the sweat of one's brow while leaving the billionaires untaxed is blatantly UNFAIR.
Peddle it elsewhere.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Please tell me more how that is not taxed then I'll read the rest of your post
Warpy
(111,255 posts)Captial gains come in only when stocks are sold for a profit, not when they sit there and generate dividends, year after year. Dividends are now taxed. They won't be under the Forbes "fair" flat tax.
But go on, pull the other one.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)If it's taken, it's capital gains and taxed
Warpy
(111,255 posts)Mine are taxed as income. Under Forbes's flat tax plan, they would be exempted.
But do continue....
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Wow. Sorry. My argument is fucked now.
Damn.
Yes. You win. I can't compete with the internet picture thingy.
CreekDog
(46,192 posts)to assure everyone that they don't share any positions with you.
especially and ironically, on the items you've posted on a liberal discussion site.
why is it that you save the conservative positions for posting here? is this really where you take issue with us? when we're liberal?
jeez.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)You can talk about my union.
Until then, Fuck off
And for the inevidible alert. This person tracks me around DU and offers nothing to the conversation. His aim is about me solely
CreekDog
(46,192 posts)Bobcat
(246 posts)Taxes redistribute income. A flat tax would raise the effective tax rate for the poor and middle class and lower it for the rich - effectively redistributing income upward. When toying with the idea of running for President awhile back, Forbes was pressed about what that rate would be. His answer - somewhere in the range of 19-22%. Do the math - poor pay more, rich pay less.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)edhopper
(33,575 posts)it is fairer to ask those that can afford it to pay more of a share of the taxes.
Why do you think the flat tax is endorsed by conservatives like Forbes and shunned by liberal economist like Krugman.
And what makes you think the wealthy and powerful won't be able to define what is income?
You have blinders on if you think the flat tax would be fair.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Where millions of those above the PL still pay nothing and hundreds of thousands who make millions offshore their money and pay nothing.
So progressivise the tax rate all you want but what you end up with is the upper middle class making about 75-250k paying everything.
Congrats
edhopper
(33,575 posts)those taxes for those making millions offshore.
Please read post #24
You are gravely misinformed.
Kingofalldems
(38,454 posts)Because what you espouse is conservative economics.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Settle down.
This is just one concept in a wide cosmos of political ideas
Eridenus
(52 posts)and if you continue to support a flat tax ala Forbes, then you aren't a real Democrat who understands the concepts of economics and income equality.
Right now, the richest 1% owns about 80% of the US wealth.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)How about emancipating the slaves.
How about the individual mandate.
Can we not just talk about concepts without the branding and labeling and name calling?
Eridenus
(52 posts)The Republican Party that Lincoln was a member of would *NOT* be the same Republican Party of today.
You lose.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Hey everybody!
Somebody on the Internet says I lose.
Ok. I'll guess I'll try Canada
hfojvt
(37,573 posts)somehow fits your idea of "fairness".
Ooofff
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)hfojvt
(37,573 posts)a) there are not "millions" above the poverty line who pay next to nothing.
In 2009, for example, there were 13,480 filers with more than $10,000,000 in AGI. They paid $83 billion in taxes. A rate of 23.4%
b) as for those poor, poor people making $75,000 to $250,000.
My heart does not bleed for them. Especially at the upper end of that range. In 2009, 78.97% of tax filers had income LESS than $75,000, and 87.2% had income less than $100,000. When it comes to income, those making between $75,000 and $200,000 had 33% of the income, compared to only 19% for those making under $50,000 who were 65.5% of tax filers.
c) in the bad old days of 1996 (when rates for the rich were higher before Bush tax cuts) those making over $1,000,000 paid an average tax rate of 30.9%. So apparently lowering those rates saved them a fair amount in taxes, those rich people.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)First off. You set the bar for the rich at those making 10 million dollars.
The president puts it at 400k
Then you move on to shitting on the college grads, union members and hard working families that pay in but receive no "additional" subsidy from the government as those who are poor, poor little upper middle classers.
Then for your hit piece to talk about "tax filers". Tax filers and tax payers are not equivalent.
Try again
hfojvt
(37,573 posts)I didn't set any bar. I used one example, of the very top. You think people making $500,000 a year are paying ZERO taxes?
The President is full of crap, defining the rich as those making over $400,000. As the stats I posted show only 22% of tax filers make more than $75,000 a year. $200,000 is a sh*tload of money to the average person, who generally makes less than $50,000.
"Shitting on college grads ..." Uh, I said I don't feel sorry for them. They make decent money up there above $75,000. I am supposed to get all mad or sad if they pay taxes back at the Clinton rates? Oh no, they might have to pay another $520 in taxes, how will they ever survive? 2013 was my best year ever, before I had to give up on my full time job. My AGI was a whopping $26,859.84. But even THAT, for me, was decent money, allowing me to put $6,000 into my IRA.
Maybe the $75,000 to $100,000 crowd is upper middle class. Over $100,000 is rich.
Er, and every taxpayer is generally a tax filer, so the lack of equivalence there does not mean very much. You yourself cite ZERO data for your claim that millions of people above the poverty line pay zero taxes. (Although doubtless that is true, of families making $30,000 to $50,000 a year, but you want to increase THEIR taxes at the same time you say I am sh*tting on people making $75,000 to $250,000?)
pangaia
(24,324 posts)Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Recursion
(56,582 posts)If there's a large personal exemption it turns it into a very progressive effective tax rate.
RiverLover
(7,830 posts)I like the idea of a flat tax myself. I know I break from Liberal on this, but I do.
Orsino
(37,428 posts)It strikes me as ingenuous in the extreme to imagine that scenario are fairly sharing tax burden.
pangaia
(24,324 posts)hfojvt
(37,573 posts)if you like cutting taxes on the rich, and increasing taxes on the middle class.
Heck yeah, then it's a great idea.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Add a little olive oil to ground croutons and saute till brown.
You get great breadcrumbs
RedstDem
(1,239 posts)if there are no loopholes, and all income were taxed, no exceptions, it sounds fair.
I know there are problems with such a simplistic view, but that's the appeal of it.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)But we do the best we can
And generally the more simple the greater the chance for success.
Niko
(97 posts)The more simple a solution to a complex system, the closer to a zero percent chance of success. Are you even taking into account the different standards and costs of living from region to region, city to city, district to district, etc?
Of course not. Simple solutions for simple minds.
pangaia
(24,324 posts)The idea of a flat tax is grotesque.
Steve Forbes isn't even a human being.
Niko
(97 posts)Because, actually, in truth, it has never been a decent argument.
Do you have any idea what kind of loss in government revenue a flat tax would cause? The tax would have to be raised to about 40% just to keep revenues in line.
Now you might be able to see the problem. 40% of 100 million a year leaves one with 60 million left over. 50 thousand a year at 40%? Now you're eating cat food.
BlindTiresias
(1,563 posts)WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Sincerely
dawg
(10,624 posts)But even at that low rate, many working class people would face huge tax increases. Likewise, the 1% would receive the largest tax cut in history.
Yep. Sounds like a plan to me.
hatrack
(59,584 posts)ZZZZZZZZZZZZZ.
Cha
(297,196 posts)HughBeaumont
(24,461 posts)No secret that the idle wealthy love both Fair and Flat Taxation - it lets them off the hook almost entirely.
The FairTax is bullshit.
The Flat Tax is bullshit.
Here's a conservative explaining why it's bullshit.
hfojvt
(37,573 posts)jwirr
(39,215 posts)pay any taxes at all? I doubt it.
ladjf
(17,320 posts)Recursion
(56,582 posts)Say, a personal exemption at about the median income. $50k or so. If you have a personal exemption that high, half of the country pays no income tax, and the remaining half pays at a very progressive effective rate that asymptotically approaches the marginal rate.
It seems to me this gives both liberals and conservatives what they want: conservatives get the flat marginal rate they believe has magical powers, and liberals get the progressive effective rate we want.
it's only too bad that they keep proposing a "marginal rate" which is lower than the average rate that the rich paid in the past.
In the good old days of 1986, the top 1% paid an AVERAGE rate of 33%. Even in the bad old days of 2007, the top 1% paid an average rate of 22.45%.
Table is here http://journals.democraticunderground.com/hfojvt/169
Forbes proposes a tax rate of 17%
Saving the top 1% ANOTHER 5% on TOP of the Bush tax cuts and the Clinton tax cuts.
No, it sure isn't progressive in that sense.
And if
A - it is revenue neutral
and
B - the top 1% are paying less in taxes
then
C - somebody outside of the top 1% is paying more in taxes than under the current system
Seems to me that it just gives rich people like Forbes what they want.
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)Recursion
(56,582 posts)I'd have it a little higher ($50K seems like a nice round number) and I want a higher rate than his (he wants 17%, I'd like closer to 50% -- 50K and 50% seems easy to remember...).
I'd also add a surtax on income above $150K, indexed to the poverty rate. I'd also like all income treated equally regardless of source.
edhopper
(33,575 posts)"What the Flat Tax Taxes
The Myth & Misconception: A flat tax would apply a single, flat tax rate to all forms of income.
Print this Article
Half wrong! The flat tax proposals do use a single, flat tax rate rather than progressive rates. But the original Hall-Rabushka flat tax, the Steve Forbes flat tax, the Armey-Shelby flat tax, and most other flat tax proposals would not tax individuals on their unearned incomesuch as dividends, interest, and capital gains. Only earned incomewages, salaries, commissions, and the likewould be taxed. In other words, it is a tax on income from labor, not income from capital.
If one of these proposals were enacted, people who receive only unearned income would escape tax altogether. As Patrick Buchanan said about the Forbes flat tax proposal when Buchanan and Forbes were seeking the Republican nomination for president in 1996, Under the Forbes flat tax, should Bill Gates
decide to retire early [and live on his investments], he would never again pay a dime in income taxes for the defense of his country. But the men and women who continued to work at Microsoft would have to pay.
A Related Question. Incidentally, many, and perhaps most, Americans believe that a single, flat tax rate would be fairer than our system of progressive rates. So, you might ask, who would pay more income taxes, and who would pay less, if the only change to our income tax system were the adoption of a single, flat tax rate today that would generate as much revenue as is generated by our progressive rates? The single tax rate would have to be about 19% in a typical year.
Answer: Middle-income taxpayers would, on average, pay considerably more, and high-income taxpayers would pay considerably less. For people with taxable income in the $50,000 -$75,000, the tax rate on that income is, on average, about 13%. For people with between $2 million and $10 million of taxable income, the tax rate on that income is, on average, about 26%, nothwithstanding favorable tax rates on dividends and capital gains. So if youre in the solid middle class, your tax rate would be about 6 percentage points higher with a flat tax rate, while very high income households would enjoy a tax rate about 6 to 7 percentage points lower."
http://www.10taxquestions.com/articles.php?aid=4
Warpy
(111,255 posts)Forbes is a self absorbed idiot who wants to own the top of the dungheap.
Anyone who falls for his bullshit is announcing to the world that he consistently flunked arithmetic all the way through school.
Gothmog
(145,176 posts)The flat tax is a horrible idea
TheKentuckian
(25,026 posts)hfojvt
(37,573 posts)one thing I can tell you is I've got to be free (from these slightly progressive taxes)
TheKentuckian
(25,026 posts)sheelz
(875 posts)Full of hot air
MineralMan
(146,288 posts)The world yawns.
krispos42
(49,445 posts)Standard deduction of 4x the annualized minimum wage, and a rate of 70% on anything over that. Double it for married couples.
No differentiation between earned and unearned income.
Additional deductions for the first 3 kids, and mortgage interest, child care, blind, elderly, disabled, etc.
Under my proposal, the standard deduction would be $7.25/hour x 40 hours/week x 52 weeks/year x 4= $15,080 x 4 = $60,320.
This gives incentive to raise the minimum wage because each $1/hr is $8,320 more on the standard deduction.
It cuts taxes on singles making up to perhaps 80k and married up to about 160k... the middle-middle, lower-middle, working, and poor classes.
And smacks the idle rich and media superstars hard.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Is that all you or based on some things you've read and lived?
krispos42
(49,445 posts)The top tax bracket from the mid-sixties to about '83 was over 70 percent, so this is sort of a return to that.
By linking the standard deduction to them minimum wage, it should pretty much eliminate "bracket creep", as there should be strong incentives to keep the minimum wage increasing and thus relevant.
I figure this: there are more than enough regressive taxes out there now. Gas tax, FICA tax (which, incidentally, I would remove the cap from and then lower the rate), telecom taxes, sales taxes, property taxes, registration taxes, etc., Those making below 4x annualized are already paying PLENTY in taxes. And the "job creators" certainly aren't "creating" jobs with any sort of retirement plan, job security, or even necessarily regular pay increases.
So... screw'em.
I figure it would drastically shift the market in a variety of ways. The giant salaries for corporate executives, lawyers, lobbyists, sports figures, TV actors, and movie stars would shrink down to something manageable. I mean, making a $1,000,000 a year to play baseball... hell, that means the player probably has the best job on earth (from his perspective). Assuming he was married with two kids, his taxes would be 0.7 x ($1,000,000 - $120,640-(4 x $3,900))= $604,632, for a total after-tax income of $395,368. Four hundred grand a year to play baseball for 8 months! That's about a thousand dollars per game-hour... how is that not enough money?
And of course, if he contributed to a retirement plan, his taxable income would go down. He would withdraw that money later, after his baseball career. Now, obviously, sports careers generally end far younger than the standard retirement age of 65, so his plan would have to have that sort of option available. If one doesn't exist right now, then one will be made. The free market will see to that. But he could pump tens of thousands of dollars into some kind of over-65 retirement account and tens more into some kind of post-career account.
In fact, maybe the Congress would have to make some new kinds of 401(k) accounts... instead of withdrawal being based on your age, they would have a fixed lifespan of 5, 10, 15, 20 etc. years. A person making big bucks could put every year let's say $15k a year into a 5 year, $15k into a 10 year, and so on retirement account. When the term is up, you can't contribute any more but you can start withdrawing... at the above-mentioned tax rate.
This would have the effect of making things cheaper, as payrolls for those kinds of people would probably be slashed by an order of magnitude. There would be less investment in critical commodities like oil, wheat, corn, and industrial metals, lowering those prices as well. And real estate... wouldn't it be nice if the cities and their suburbs became affordable again because the market distortion from the rich was significantly diminished?
We should tie the estate tax to the annualized minimum wage, too. It's currently about 354x the annualized minimum wage, or $5.34 million. Knock that down to about 300x and apply the usual 70% tax rate.
The combinations of these two thing would make it hard to accumulate and hoard vast quantities of wealth, and thus power, in the United States. Even if a movie star was making $50 million a year (such as Bruce Willis) and dumping 95% of that into tax-deferred retirement accounts, upon his or her death it would be subject to the estate tax. It would become HARD and RARE to pass on more than $10 million in wealth to a descendent.
And if that doesn't drive the Waltons and the Koches INSANE, I don't know what will!
Wall Street would have to do what it was suppose to do... provide a market for large number of people to buy into a company that is seeking to expand by selling shares of stock. Much less of the casino, much more of getting the middle class involved in making modest investments.
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)ments.
krispos42
(49,445 posts)And if you withdraw only $60,000 single/$120,000 married per year, then you're golden. Tax-free.
If you're retired and doing so, then not only would you also get the "over-65" extra deduction, but at that point in your life your mortgage should be paid off or nearly so and your kids should all be grown and moved away.... or at least working and paying rent.
Spirochete
(5,264 posts)he's been singing it forever.
valerief
(53,235 posts)JEFF9K
(1,935 posts)Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)JEFF9K
(1,935 posts)No. A flat "after tax" means that everyone has the same amount of money after taxes are paid.
Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)Ok. Gotta let that sink in.
Sincerely, what's the quick success rate. Countries that employed it.
JEFF9K
(1,935 posts)Boom Sound 416
(4,185 posts)To some very old left/right debates there.
Like the idea that one would only work to the minimum blah, blah, blah
That the spirit is crushed yadda, yadda
That greed is taken out of the picture or something
Utilitarian
And so on.
Right?
JEFF9K
(1,935 posts)It's just something I thought of in response to talk of a flat tax.
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)JEFF9K
(1,935 posts)Warren DeMontague
(80,708 posts)Seriously, cree-eeepy.
Yo_Mama_Been_Loggin
(107,956 posts)Randian sociopaths both of them.
Warren DeMontague
(80,708 posts)I would think that would make you blink MORE.
davidpdx
(22,000 posts)WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)See how easy that was?
Argue as you wish; present "facts" and "figures" up the wazoo. Know this: FORBES IS NOT LOOKING OUT FOR THE MIDDLE CLASS OR POOR, WORKING OR OTHERWISE.
I don't know much about taxes, but I know enough not to trust a Republican.
HughBeaumont
(24,461 posts)There was once a thread back on the old DU that went to around 300 posts regarding Samuel Not Joe the Not a Plumber pushing the Fair Tax (bringing it up gives me the "an error occurred" message, unfortunately). This troll invaded, yapping what a great idea it would be to not have ANY taxation at all. A bit of digging prompted him to come out with "So we're just not going to be happy with any plan unless it soaks the rich? That's just class warfare!" Uh . . . YES?
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)coined to dupe any Middle-Class gulls who cannot see that they and theirs are the targets.
bhikkhu
(10,715 posts)A rich person might look at that and think the bottom 20% is just loafing around not paying their fair share, but then they should try to live on minimum wage for awhile. What's left for the bottom 20% after basic living expenses is nothing - there's nothing there for the federal government to take. Even up to the top of the second quintile (where I'm at more or less now) I can say there's really not much. Flat tax sounds deceptively simple and fair, but really it just makes the rich a tiny bit richer, at the cost of beating the poor down to less than nothing and adding to their numbers.
WinkyDink
(51,311 posts)worse, a Republican.
NO Democrat would be fooled by this proposal, nor would any Democrat bend over backwards to try to come up with a "fair" Flat tax plan, because THERE IS NONE.
customerserviceguy
(25,183 posts)And even when he was in the daily news, he didn't accomplish all that much. MSNBC filling up empty space after the election and the Ebola crisis is meaningless.
tenderfoot
(8,426 posts)eom