the breakup of the British colonial empire came about because voters were dissatisfied with the costs -- in blood and money -- of maintaining the natives in continuous subjugation. Politicians were still trying to extend the empire, grabbing land from the breakup of the Ottoman Empire, but the people wanted their boys to come home. Even Rudyard Kipling, who formerly glorified the Empire unstintingly, became disheartened at the waste:
Arithmetic on the Frontier
Rudyard Kipling
A great and glorious thing it is
To learn, for seven years or so,
The Lord knows what of that and this,
Ere reckoned fit to face the foe --
The flying bullet down the Pass,
That whistles clear: "All flesh is grass."
Three hundred pounds per annum spent
On making brain and body meeter
For all the murderous intent
Comprised in "villanous saltpetre!"
And after -- ask the Yusufzaies
What comes of all our 'ologies.
A scrimmage in a Border Station --
A canter down some dark defile --
Two thousand pounds of education
Drops to a ten-rupee jezail --
The Crammer's boast, the Squadron's pride,
Shot like a rabbit in a ride!
No proposition Euclid wrote,
No formulae the text-books know,
Will turn the bullet from your coat,
Or ward the tulwar's downward blow
Strike hard who cares -- shoot straight who can --
The odds are on the cheaper man.
One sword-knot stolen from the camp
Will pay for all the school expenses
Of any Kurrum Valley scamp
Who knows no word of moods and tenses,
But, being blessed with perfect sight,
Picks off our messmates left and right.
With home-bred hordes the hillsides teem,
The troop-ships bring us one by one,
At vast expense of time and steam,
To slay Afridis where they run.
The "captives of our bow and spear"
Are cheap -- alas! as we are dear.
There was a time when "empire" was a dirty word in American politics -- many intellectuals opposed the American annexation of the Phillipines after the Spanish-American War, and called it imperialism. Neocons now use the same word with pride.
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