The sun is still a burning mystery. That may be about to change.

[Judi Lynn]

The historic launch of the new European Solar Orbiter helps foster a golden age for understanding our nearest star.

BYNADIA DRAKE
PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 7, 2020
• 9 MIN READ

PUBLISHED FEBRUARY 7, 2020
• 9 MIN READ

On Sunday evening, a rocket lit up Florida’s nighttime sky as it ferried a spacecraft toward a first-of-its-kind adventure to the sun.

Even though our home star smolders every day in our skies, humans have only ever seen the sun from one perspective: face-on, from within the plane of the planets. The European Space Agency’s Solar Orbiter, or SolO, is about to change that, as it is designed to perform a detailed reconnaissance of the sun that will allow it to see the star’s previously invisible polar regions.

From this unique vantage point, SolO’s suite of 10 instruments will help uncover how the star sends streams of energetic particles called the solar wind throughout our planetary system. It will also help answer what controls the sun’s 11-year magnetic cycle, which varies in intensity and creates unanticipated fluctuations in solar activity.

“We fundamentally really don’t understand that,” says ESA’s Daniel Müller, SolO project scientist. “Hopefully, we’re filling in that gap with Solar Orbiter.”

More:
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/sun-still-burning-mystery-may-be-about-to-change-solar-orbiter-launch?cmpid=org=ngp::mc=crm-email::src=ngp::cmp=editorial::add=SpecialEdition_Escape_20210324&rid=FEF3402516DD393FC5D933E45FF75D5D