The term national socialism seems to have been invented by the French nationalist author Maurice Barres, who described the aristocratic adventurer the Marquis de Mores in 1896 as the "- first national socialist." Mores, after failing as a cattle rancher in North Dakota, returned to Paris in the early 1890s and organized a band of anti-Semitic toughs who attacked Jewish shops and offices. As a cattleman, Mores found his recruits among slaughterhouse workers in Paris, to whom he appealed with a mixture of anticapitalism and anti-Semitic nationalism. His squads wore the cowboy garb and ten-gallon hats that the marquis had discovered in the American West, which thus predate black and brown shirts (by a modest stretch of the imagination) as the first fascist uniform.

Praxton, The Anatomy of Fascism, Page 55.