...any kind of priorities.
On the contrary, I see most of the items in the graphics are interlinked in no particular order.
Human poverty, for example, plays a significant role in climate change than many people realize, mostly in the area of land use changes, which account for about 10 billion tons of carbon dioxide each year. Land use changes are certainly involved in issue 14 and 15 and for that matter in number 6.
If I were asked to "order" these priorities, I might place - most likely place - climate change at the top, but frankly, without the graphic artist's "priorities" - if they are in fact priorities - #4, #6, #14, and #15, it will be impossible to address climate change.
The importance of #4 reflects the scale of the engineering challenge that climate change represents. The thermodynamics of carbon dioxide reduction (chemical reduction) means that we need to invest all the energy that was released by combusting carbon sources, largely fossil fuels but also "renewable" biomass, in the first place. This basically means almost all of the energy released by combustion going back to the mid 19th century, when the combustion of coal on an industrial scale started.
And, no, a reactionary program of trying to provide world energy supplies while meeting human development goals, will not succeed by relying on so called "renewable energy." There is a reason that humanity chose to abandon a lifestyle based on "renewable energy" beginning in the mid 19th century. That reason was that even more so than today, the majority of the world's citizens lived short miserable lives of dire poverty.
One driver of climate change is population growth, and it is observationally clear that countries with the lowest birth rates are precisely those where citizens live in safe, secure, healthy communities. It is likely that people will have more children if the probability that children will survive to adulthood is low and this is clearly a reason why that population growth tends to be the highest in countries with a large impoverished population.