General Discussion
In reply to the discussion: Cannabis compounds stopped COVID virus from infecting human cells in lab study [View all]58Sunliner
(6,331 posts)The acids are neutralized during decarboxylation, so would ingested extracts work from raw plant material, or are we talking about a nasal spray?
Phytocannabinoids: Biosynthetic Pathway
Around 113 phytocannabinoids are identified in C. sativa plant [27]. These cannabinoids are biosynthesized as carboxylic acid, with the precursor being cannabigerolic acid 1 abbreviated as CBGA (Fig. 14.1). The synthesis of CBGA is an enzymatic reaction that involves an alkylation of olivetolic acid (alkylresorcinolic acid responsible for the polyketide nucleus of the cannabinoids) with the help of geranyl pyrophosphate [28]. The CBGA formed is sequentially converted into tetrahydrocannabinolic acid 2 (THCA), cannabidioloic acid (CBDA) 3, and cannabichromenic acid (CBCA) 4 with the help of synthase enzymes (THCA synthase, CBDA synthase, and CBCA synthase) [27]. These cannabinoids, especially THCA, secrete in the storage cavity of glandular trichomes [28] and are responsible for the self-defense mechanism of the cannabis plant with its insect repellant, absorption of ultraviolet radiation, and cell death properties [28]. These acids are decarboxylated into their neutral homologous (THC, cannabidiol, and cannabichromene) by a nonenzymatic reaction involving heat or light, such as during storage or smoking (Fig. 14.1).
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/cannabigerolic-acid