Obviously, the intent of the law confers birthright citizenship to just about everyone who is not the kid of a diplomat, foreign occupying power and foreign military stationed in the US.
Since 1940 everyone gets a birth certificate and citizenship, except the listed exceptions. So that is what the law intended and that was how it was implemented. Hence this was what "jurisdiction of" meant to congress. Trump just can't over ride a law via an EO. (Well, he can, but it isn't easy) It's one thing to get the Constitution reinterpreted, it's another thing to override an 86 year old ironclad law that is that basis for a good chunk of bureaucracy in the US.
It could be interpreted as "spirit of the law" vs "letter of the law", and I'm sure Alito and Thomas will split hairs, but if you look at the bureaucracy involved, I think SOTUS doesn't want Trump to overturn a long standing working statute.
§ 601. Persons born nationals and citizens.
The following shall be nationals and citizens of
the United States at birth:
(a) A person born in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof;
(b) A person born in the United States to a member of an Indian, Eskimo, Aleutian, or other aboriginal tribe: Provided, That the granting of citizenship under this subsection shall not in any manner
impair or otherwise affect the right of such person
to tribal or other property;
(c) A person born outside of the United States
and its outlying possessions of parents both of
whom are citizens of the United States and one
of whom has resided in the United States or one
of its outlying possessions, prior to the birth of
such person;
(d) A person born outside of the United States
and its outlying possessions of parents one of whom
is a citizen of the United States who resided in the
United States or one of its outlying possessions prior
to the birth of such person, and the other of whom
is a national, but not a citizen of the United States
https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/uscode/uscode1940-00100/uscode1940-001008011/uscode1940-001008011.pdf
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