General Discussion
In reply to the discussion: Hillary Derangement Syndrome about her Presidency begins 30 months early [View all]wyldwolf
(43,891 posts)Trade protectionist pre-Franklin Roosevelt were all Republicans - Reed Smoot, Willis Hawley and Herbert Hoover, for example, the President who signed the GOP's infamous 1930 tariff.
President Hoover, in office between 1929 and 1932, had believed that Americans lose when we trade -- and that we lose most when we trade with the poor. Calling on Congress to pass the Smoot-Hawley tariff bill in the first year of his administration, he wrote that with America's high standard of living, we cannot successfully compete against foreign producers because of lower foreign wages and a lower cost of production." In the fall of 1932, he warned Americans that repealing this law would force American workers to "compete with laborers whose wages are only sufficient to buy from one-eighth to one-third of the amount of bread and butter you can buy."
Roosevelt argued the converse. Confident that Americans could succeed in an open world market, he asserted that worldwide reduction of trade barriers would benefit both the United States and its trading partners. His victory marked the beginning of America's modern trade policy; a year later, the signing of the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act on June 12th established a commitment to open markets and trade liberalization sustained by each of the next ten presidents.
With FDR's support, Democratic Secretary of State Cordell Hull negotiated a series of bilateral trade deals that Harry Truman used as the basis for the revival of the multilateral trading system known as GATT in 1947.
In 1941, FDR and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill issue the 'Atlantic Charter', a joint statement setting out eight "common principles ... for a better future for the world". Drawn up at sea, off the coast of Newfoundland, the charter includes commitments to national sovereignty, democratic government, free trade, improved labour, economic and social standards, freedom of movement, world peace, and the abandonment of the use of force.
John Kennedy pushed for freer trade with Latin America as part of his Alliance for Progress.