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In reply to the discussion: Can we have a civilized talk about the U.S. water fluoridation industry? [View all]csziggy
(34,189 posts)49. Here you go - the Merck Manual is hardly a conspirarcy site
Overview of Fluoride Poisoning
(Fluorosis)
Fluoride exposure from the environment has been associated with natural contamination of rock, soil, and water or from industrial waste or smelting processes. Fluoride compounds have been added to human water supplies at concentrations of ~1 mg/kg to reduce dental caries. This recommendation is not universally accepted. Both acute and chronic toxicoses are reported with fluoride ingestion. Maximum tolerance levels in animal feeds range from ~2050 mg/kg (dry weight) in most species. In poultry, as much as 200 mg/kg can be tolerated. These tolerances may vary depending on the age, duration of exposure, and nutritional status. Animals with a long, productive life span such as dairy cattle are more susceptible.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Fluorides are found naturally in rock phosphates and limestone. Industrial wastes associated with fertilizer and mineral supplement production are frequent sources of fluoride exposure. Metal ores associated with steel and aluminum processing are common industrial sources. Fluoride dusts dispersed downwind from these sources may contaminate forage crops for many kilometers. Forage crops grown on contaminated soil may contain increased concentrations of fluoride associated with physical contamination with soil particulates. There is minimal direct uptake of fluoride by the plant. With the potential of fluoride contamination in many feed and water sources, it is recommended that feed-grade phosphates contain <1% fluoride. Acute fluoride exposure at high concentrations will cause corrosive damage to tissues. In contrast, chronic exposure, which is seen more frequently, causes delayed or impaired mineralization of bones and teeth. The solubility of fluoride correlates generally with the degree of toxicity. Fluoride is known to interact with various elements, including aluminum, calcium, phosphorus, and iodine. Fluoride is a cellular poison that interferes with the metabolism of essential metals such as magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, and zinc. Because bacterial metabolism may be affected in a similar manner, this attribute accounts for the use of fluoride in dental hygiene products. Soluble fluoride is rapidly absorbed; ~50% is excreted by glomerular filtration. More than 95% of the fluoride that is retained is deposited in the bones and teeth, forming hydroxyapatite after the interference with calcium metabolism and replacement of hydroxyl ions. At low levels of fluoride exposure, the solubility of the enamel is reduced, resulting in protection. At higher levels of exposure, the enamel becomes dense and brittle. If exposure occurs during pregnancy, developing bones and teeth are severely affected. Faulty, irregular mineralization of the matrix associated with altered ameloblastic, odontoblastic, or osteoblastic activity ultimately results in poor enamel formation, exostosis, sclerosis, and osteoporosis.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/toxicology/fluoride_poisoning/overview_of_fluoride_poisoning.html
(Fluorosis)
Fluoride exposure from the environment has been associated with natural contamination of rock, soil, and water or from industrial waste or smelting processes. Fluoride compounds have been added to human water supplies at concentrations of ~1 mg/kg to reduce dental caries. This recommendation is not universally accepted. Both acute and chronic toxicoses are reported with fluoride ingestion. Maximum tolerance levels in animal feeds range from ~2050 mg/kg (dry weight) in most species. In poultry, as much as 200 mg/kg can be tolerated. These tolerances may vary depending on the age, duration of exposure, and nutritional status. Animals with a long, productive life span such as dairy cattle are more susceptible.
Etiology and Pathogenesis
Fluorides are found naturally in rock phosphates and limestone. Industrial wastes associated with fertilizer and mineral supplement production are frequent sources of fluoride exposure. Metal ores associated with steel and aluminum processing are common industrial sources. Fluoride dusts dispersed downwind from these sources may contaminate forage crops for many kilometers. Forage crops grown on contaminated soil may contain increased concentrations of fluoride associated with physical contamination with soil particulates. There is minimal direct uptake of fluoride by the plant. With the potential of fluoride contamination in many feed and water sources, it is recommended that feed-grade phosphates contain <1% fluoride. Acute fluoride exposure at high concentrations will cause corrosive damage to tissues. In contrast, chronic exposure, which is seen more frequently, causes delayed or impaired mineralization of bones and teeth. The solubility of fluoride correlates generally with the degree of toxicity. Fluoride is known to interact with various elements, including aluminum, calcium, phosphorus, and iodine. Fluoride is a cellular poison that interferes with the metabolism of essential metals such as magnesium, manganese, iron, copper, and zinc. Because bacterial metabolism may be affected in a similar manner, this attribute accounts for the use of fluoride in dental hygiene products. Soluble fluoride is rapidly absorbed; ~50% is excreted by glomerular filtration. More than 95% of the fluoride that is retained is deposited in the bones and teeth, forming hydroxyapatite after the interference with calcium metabolism and replacement of hydroxyl ions. At low levels of fluoride exposure, the solubility of the enamel is reduced, resulting in protection. At higher levels of exposure, the enamel becomes dense and brittle. If exposure occurs during pregnancy, developing bones and teeth are severely affected. Faulty, irregular mineralization of the matrix associated with altered ameloblastic, odontoblastic, or osteoblastic activity ultimately results in poor enamel formation, exostosis, sclerosis, and osteoporosis.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/vet/toxicology/fluoride_poisoning/overview_of_fluoride_poisoning.html
That supports the statements I made about the advice my father was given against pasturing livestock across from a fluoride plant.
I made no CT statements about the use of fluoride in drinking water. As someone who grew up with fluoride in my drinking water as well as excessive amounts of fluorine in the local atmosphere, I can say that neither affected me adversely, though the fluoride in the drinking water and toothpaste that I used did not help my teeth to resist cavities.
Now, exactly what have I stated can you prove is not a fact?
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Can we have a civilized talk about the U.S. water fluoridation industry? [View all]
JackRiddler
Aug 2014
OP
I didn't know Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Argentina, Mexico, Malaysia, and Israel were Anglosphere.
NuclearDem
Aug 2014
#6
You can't discuss water fluoridation without considering precious bodily fluids
Brother Buzz
Aug 2014
#7
A light reading suggests that water fluoridation is most useful for people who don’t get other forms
Chathamization
Aug 2014
#14
Ideally? Perhaps. But I suspect that poor access to healthcare in the US might make broader efforts
Chathamization
Aug 2014
#18
Water fluoridation is one of the greatest public health achievements of the 20th century...
SidDithers
Aug 2014
#15
Uh, you posted stuff from conspiracy sites, while ignoring the content of my post.
HuckleB
Aug 2014
#47
If I read it right, it's not anti-fluoride; it's concern about the source of that fluoride
REP
Aug 2014
#24
We have pretty thorough health information for most of the countries in question
bhikkhu
Aug 2014
#86
That's pne thing we don't have to worry about, because of government water standards
bhikkhu
Aug 2014
#121