Last edited Tue Sep 2, 2014, 08:05 AM - Edit history (1)
Inductive logic is the scientific method, which collects anomalies, patterns, cause-effect phenomena and draws (upward in the specific-to-abstract sense) a generalization. Over time, Big Theories emerge.
Deductive reasoning is the Premise Frame for collecting phenomena and classifying. Based on a range of Premises (yesterday's inductions are the new premise frames, such as laws, rules, definitions of gender, persons, property, rights, etc.), new cases come forward and are deduced to logically or not logically fit them. Over time, Bodies of Judgments called law emerge. The reliable, sound, valid judgments are one desired outcome (external validity). Correctness is the other desired outcome (internal validity). They each have more or less value and utility, depending on the context they are applied to, and so are often seen as two right answers.
Inductive and Deductive are not schools of thought, however. Most schools of thought and humans use both, but they are the dominant modes of logic in the two examples you describe.
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