Honeybee population in free fall; Pennsylvania among worst hit in nation

[whereisjustice]

37. You are calling the peer reviewed Journal of Exp Biology "bullshit study"? Here it is again

Just because I had the decency to credit an original article for providing the journal paper, doesn't make it bullshit.

However, your over the top response, smells of something worse than that.

It smells like the same strategy climate deniers use to discredit solid research.

Perhaps you can submit your research to the Journal?


bees can become a source of inflow of nectar with GLY traces into the hive,
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which in turn could have long-term negative consequences on colony
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survival

http://jeb.biologists.org/content/early/2014/07/23/jeb.109520.full.pdf

The Journal of Experimental Biology – ACCEPTED AUTHOR MANUSCRIPT
© 2013. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
Running title:
Effects of glyphosate traces on honeybee appetitive behaviour
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Effects of field-realistic doses of glyphosate on
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honeybee appetitive behaviour
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Lucila T. Herbert, Diego E. Vázquez, Andrés Arenas and Walter M. Farina*
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Grupo de Estudio de Insectos Sociales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y
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Biología Experimental, IFIBYNE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y
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Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, Ciudad Universitaria
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(C1428EHA), Buenos Aires, Argentina; e-mail: [e-mail]
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*Corresponding author

The Journal of Experimental Biology – ACCEPTED AUTHOR MANUSCRIPT
Discussion
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We set out to evaluate the effects of chronic and acute exposures to field-
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realistic doses of glyphosate (GLY), the main herbicide currently used for
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weed control in agriculture, on the behaviour of the honeybee
Apis mellifera
.
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Our results show that both chronic and acute exposure to GLY traces produce
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sensory sensitivity and c
ognitive deficits on adult honeybees of the worker
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caste. The concentrations used (within a 0 to 3.7 mg e.a./L range) were based
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on concentrations recommended for spraying and on those measured in
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natural environments, from 1.4 to 7.6 mg e.a./L (Goldsborough and Brown,
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1988; Feng et al., 1990; Giesy et al., 2000), and were shown to be sub-lethal
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for honeybees. Young adult bees chronically exposed to concentrations of
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2.5 and 5.0 mg/L of GLY showed reduced sensitivity to sucrose (reward) and
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impaired acquisition dynamics during elemental associative olfactory
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learning. This impairment cannot be explained by deterioration of the general
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state or motor skills of the subjects, since measurements such as survival,
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food uptake and locomotive activity did not differ between experimental
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groups. Furthermore, acute exposure to GLY significantly decreased short-
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term memory retention and negatively affected non-elemental associative
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learning at foraging ages. Nevertheless, an acute exposure to GLY in a
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foraging context did not have a detrimental effect on foraging activity and
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dancing behaviour. Altogether, these results imply that GLY at
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concentrations that can be found in nature as a result of standard spraying
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reduce sensitivity to nectar reward and also impair associative learning in
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honeybees. Since no effect on foraging activity was found, successful forager
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The Journal of Experimental Biology – ACCEPTED AUTHOR MANUSCRIPT
bees can become a source of inflow of nectar with GLY traces into the hive,
299
which in turn could have long-term negative consequences on colony
300
survival