General Discussion
In reply to the discussion: I'm damn tired of rich people with ulterior motives trying to hijack the Democratic platform. [View all]JHan
(10,173 posts)The repeal of one provision in Glass Steagall was conflated with the financial crisis thus giving the wrong impression that if the full act remained the crisis would never have occurred: this is wrong. The crisis was rooted in investments in residential mortgages and residential mortgage backed securities, Glass Steagall never prevented such investments.
This article gets to the jist of it better than I could - note her response:
"When I called Ms. Warren and pressed her about whether she thought the financial crisis or JPMorgans losses could have been avoided if Glass-Steagall were in place, she conceded: The answer is probably No to both.
Still, she said that the repeal of the law had a powerful impact to let the big get bigger. She also contended that its repeal, brought about by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, mattered enormously. It is like holding up a sign to regulators to back up.]
Lets look at the facts of the financial crisis in the context of Glass-Steagall.
The first domino to nearly topple over in the financial crisis was Bear Stearns, an investment bank that had nothing to do with commercial banking. Glass-Steagall would have been irrelevant. Then came Lehman Brothers; it too was an investment bank with no commercial banking business and therefore wouldnt have been covered by Glass-Steagall either. After them, Merrill Lynch was next and yep, it too was an investment bank that had nothing to do with Glass-Steagall.
Next in line was the American International Group, an insurance company that was also unrelated to Glass-Steagall. While were at it, we should probably throw in Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, which similarly, had nothing to do with Glass-Steagall.
Now lets look at the major commercial banks that ran into trouble.
Lets first take Bank of America. Its biggest problems stemmed not from investment banking or trading though there were some losses but from its acquisition of Countrywide Financial, the subprime lender, which made a lot of bad loans completely permissible under Glass-Steagall.
What about Wachovia? Its near-collapse was largely a function of its acquisition of Golden West, a mortgage lender that saddled it with billions of dollars in bad loans.
Citigroups problems are probably the closest call when it comes to whether Glass-Steagall would have avoided its problems. It gorged both on underwriting bad loans and buying up collateralized debt obligations.
In that case, Glass-Steagall would have done two things: it would have prevented the trading losses and it also would have kept Citigroup from getting so big, which was one of the reasons it required a bailout.
But Citis troubles didnt come until after Bear Stearns, Lehman Brothers, A.I.G., Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac were fallen or teetering when all hell was breaking loose.
Why do we have financial crises? Why do banks lose money?
If history is any guide, it hasnt often been the result of speculative bets. It has been the result of banks making loans to individuals and businesses who cant pay them back.
Yes, standards became so lax that buyers didnt have to put money down or prove their income, and financial firms developed dangerous instruments that packaged and sliced up loans, then magnified their bets with more borrowed money.
But it often starts with banks making basic loans. Making loans is one of the riskiest businesses banks engage in and has been a major contributing factor to most financial crises in the world over the last 50 years, Richard Spillenkothen, former director of the division of banking supervision and regulation at the Federal Reserve, wrote in a letter to Politicos Morning Money on Monday. He said that if Glass-Steagall still existed, it alone would not have prevented the financial crisis.
Still, Mr. Spillenkothen said: If banks had been limited to plain vanilla lending, notwithstanding its admitted riskiness, the financial crisis may well have been less severe or more easily managed and contained.
In my conversation with Ms. Warren she told me that one of the reasons shes been pushing reinstating Glass-Steagall even if it wouldnt have prevented the financial crisis is that it is an easy issue for the public to understand and you can build public attention behind.
She added that she considers Glass-Steagall more of a symbol of what needs to happen to regulations than the specifics related to the act itself.
So would Glass-Steagall make things slightly better? Sure.
But the next time someone says that it is the ultimate solution, think again."
https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/05/21/reinstating-an-old-rule-is-not-a-cure-for-crisis/
President Obama also realized Glass Steagall would not have changed the dynamic described * . Stilglitz himself could not make a direct case.
A more honest and valuable approach would be to admit that the obsession with short term profit making leading to risk taking was a ticking time bomb waiting to explode.
(Edit - typos )