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In reply to the discussion: At long last, 11-member Pacific trade deal takes effect [View all]Farmer-Rick
(12,817 posts)for resolution to the tribunals. They are NOT.
Read the blasted documents. They are posted everywhere.
ONLY Nations and Corporations/investors can use the tribunals.
Here is a summary:
What types of disputes do they handle?
These bodies broadly deal with two types of disputes: state-state, in which governments challenge the trade policies of other governments, and investor-state, in which individual investors file complaints against governments.
State-State. Most state-state disputes are handled by the WTO system, the primary body governing international trade. Each of its 164 members have agreed to rules about trade policy, such as limiting tariffs and restricting subsidies. A member can appeal to the WTO if it believes another member is violating those rules. The United States, for instance, has repeatedly brought WTO cases against China over its support for various export industries, including one in early 2017 alleging that Beijing unfairly subsidizes aluminum producers. While that case has not been decided, the Trump administration retaliated by unilaterally imposing tariffs on some individual Chinese aluminum producers as well as broader tariffs on all steel and aluminum imports to the United States that are also meant to target Chinese overproduction.
Investor-State. Known as investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) cases, these disputes typically involve foreign businesses claiming that a host government abused them by expropriating their assets, discriminating against them, or otherwise treating them unfairly. For example, a Canadian gold mining company claimed that Venezuelas nationalization of the gold industry in 2011 violated an investment treaty between the two countries. A tribunal found that while Venezuela had the legal right to nationalize private sector industries, it failed to properly compensate the company for the expropriated assets.
Notice that citizens and Unions are never mentioned. But some fat rich dude who wants to make money off of selling you crap sure is.
https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-are-trade-disputes-resolved
And I think the CFR is a right wing mouth piece, yet they have nothing but positives to say about it. Someone should warn the Russians that their bribes are going to promote free trade agreements.
But you can clearly read between the lines. The capitalist trumps labor every time