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In reply to the discussion: Is There a Gene for Motherhood? [View all]mike_c
(37,009 posts)...and there are lots of well known instances of animals foregoing reproductive opportunities in exchange for some other adaptive or fitness enhancement. On edit, just to be clear, those instances persist in populations rather than disappearing. There are also instances of parthenogenetic animals, including vertebrates-- whose ova can develop without fertilization-- who perform same-sex reproductive "pretend" sex or other mating behavior as part of the process.
It turns out that issues of reproductive fitness are not always as simple as "he/she that has the most offspring, wins." Especially in highly social animals, being a spinster aunt or bachelor uncle is often more likely to propagate the genes one shares with others than is attempting to reproduce independently.