A good Wifi connection these days (such as the one I get on my mesh, a Linksys Velop) can push over 800Mbps, which is close to gigabit, and is almost certainly faster than your internet speed. However if you have a lot of traffic on your network (multiple streams of high res stuff) going at once, that can sometimes slow down a bit. But with mine, it would take more than I'd ever do, living alone.
Cable isn't useless if you really cant' get good wifi signal to the garage though. But if it's going to be a lot of work and/or expense to replace it ... might make sense to have another go at a more powerful mesh. Cable is the most likely culprit given its exposure to the elements.
Do you have the older Google setup or the newer Nest one? If it were me and I had only the older one, I'd try getting the newer one, putting the main router unit up high, and unobstructed as possible, then put the new Point in the garage. Can always return it if doesn't work.
It does supposedly have greater range. And you can still use your other 7 (if you actually need them with the Nest) points if you want, at least if I understand what I'm reading. I'd start out with just the two Nest ones though, test that point-to-point with the furthest flung place you need signal i.e. garage.