Psychiatrists probably have a fancy name for it, but everyone experiences feelings with a different intensity. I'm not talking about the social role that says that "real men don't eat quiche," nor am I talking about a mental disorder where mania and/or depression arises out of nowhere specific.
I'm talking about something much deeper and more fundamental; simply the intensity with which one experiences joy and/or emotional pain. We tend to assume that we all feel it the same way, but we don't. A true sociopath, for instance, has an emotional regulator which is set at zero, and is a major danger to society because he cannot experience feelings at all. Others feel things with an intensity which they literally cannot control. Most of us are somewhere in the middle.
Cam Newton is a really intense guy. He feels things with a greater intensity than most people. When he feels good, he feels really, really good. He celebrates in a big way because he is feeling the thrill in a big way. When he loses, the disappointment overwhelms him.
Does that justify his behavior? No. All of us have to learn who we are and how to deal with that in socially acceptable ways. Psychotic? No. He is a young guy, and is still learning how to deal with who he is.