CNN with ridiculous hit piece on Biden

[Hassin Bin Sober]

42. You have it backward.

The case

Milliken v. Bradley, 418 U.S. 717 (1974),[1] was a significant United States Supreme Court case dealing with the planned desegregation busing of public school students across district lines among 53 school districts in metropolitan Detroit. It concerned the plans to integrate public schools in the United States following the Brown v. Board of Education (1954) decision.[2]

Argument by NAACP

The NAACP argued that although schools were not officially segregated (white only), the city of Detroit and the State as represented by its surrounding counties had enacted policies to increase racial segregation in schools. The NAACP also suggested a direct relationship between unfair housing practices (such as redlining) and educational segregation.[8]

Finding by lower court agreeing with NAACP

District Judge Stephen J. Roth held the State of Michigan as well as the school districts accountable for the segregation. The Sixth Circuit Court affirmed some of the decision, specifically the official segregation that had been practiced by the City's school district, but the Appeals Court withheld judgment on the relationship of housing segregation with education. The Court specified that it was the state's responsibility to integrate across the segregated metropolitan area.[9]

Finding by Supreme Court overturning pro NAACP ruling

The Supreme Court overturned the lower courts in a 5-to-4 decision, holding that school districts were not obligated to desegregate unless it had been proven that the lines were drawn with racist intent on the part of the districts. Thus, superficially arbitrary lines drawn by State agencies which produced segregated districts were not illegal.[4][10]

Dissent by Marshall

Justice Thurgood Marshall's dissenting opinion stated that:

School district lines, however innocently drawn, will surely be perceived as fences to separate the races when, under a Detroit-only decree, white parents withdraw their children from the Detroit city schools and move to the suburbs in order to continue them in all-white schools.[11]